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論被告人之證明責(zé)任
摘 要
根據(jù)無罪推定原則，在刑事訴訟中公訴案件由公訴人承擔(dān)證明責(zé)任，被告人不負(fù)證明責(zé)任，自訴案件由自訴人承擔(dān)證明責(zé)任，被告人不負(fù)證明責(zé)任；但在刑事訴訟的特殊規(guī)則情況下，刑事訴訟證明責(zé)任發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)移，證明責(zé)任倒置，如：被告人獨知的事實、被告的某些積極抗辯主張和主張的程序性事實。就此，被告人應(yīng)承擔(dān)部分證明責(zé)任。同時，在刑事訴訟案件中由被告人承擔(dān)部分證明責(zé)任，不僅符合被告人利益，也是符合訴訟效益以及保障人權(quán)的考慮的。
關(guān)鍵詞：證明責(zé)任；無罪推定；優(yōu)勢證據(jù)
ABSTRACT
Basis is pure assume , in criminal contentious case the case of public prosecution is by public prosecutor undertake quilt and the responsibility of proof plaintiff does not undertake the burden of proof, since telling case from since telling person to undertake the burden of proof, quilt plaintiff does not undertake the burden of proof; But under the condition of special rule, the responsibility of criminal lawsuit proof occurs the responsibility of transfer and proof to occur to place upside down , if: The quilt and fact known alone by plaintiff the program fact of view and some positive counterplea views of plaintiff. For this be undertaken by plaintiff partially the burden of proof. At the same time, in criminal contentious case from quilt plaintiff undertakes the partial burden of proof, is not only accord with defendant person benefit, is also accord with lawsuit benifit as well as guarantee the consideration of human rights.
Keyword: burden of proof; presumption of innocence; preponderance of evidence
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