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GRE閱讀邏輯練習題及答案
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練習題一
1. The university's constitution defines the powers of two governing bodies.The general council， which currently retains authority over constitutional matters， consists of all the university's living alumni.The twenty-member senate decides routine matters by majority vote.A new proposal suggests making a unanimous vote in the senate sufficient to change the constitution.
If the statements above are true， which of the following must follow on the basis of them?
(A) The proposal will take effect only if it receives the senate's unanimous support.
(B) Currently each member of the senate has power of veto over any proposal that comes before that body.
(C) Adopting the proposal would allow passage of constitutional changes without the general council's approval.
(D) Any of the university's alumni can fill any one of the twenty seats on the senate.
(E) Adopting the new proposal would increase the voice of the alumni in the conduct of university affairs.
2.Comparison of the growth rings of ancient trees enables scientists to determine from a piece of timber the year in which the tree used for the timber was felled.Hence， by analyzing the growth rings in timber surviving from ancient buildings， archaeolo gists can determine precisely when those buildings were constructed.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
(A) The timber used for construction purposes in ancient times was made from very old trees.
(B) The timber that was used in ancient building construction had not， prior to being used in the construction of the buildings， lain unused for an indeterminable amount of time.
(C) The growth rings of any tree felled in a given year are identical to the growth rings of any other tree felled in that year.
(D) The oldest of the ancient buildings that survive to the present day were constructed of the most durable woods.
(E) Ancient builders did not use more than one type of wood for the construction of a given building.
3.Color-tinting of movies originally photographed in black-and-white is inappropriate.Hundreds of the original artistic choices would have been made differently had these movies been filmed in color.Lighting on the sets of these movies was arranged to make highlights and shadows look right in black-and-white.
Which of the following claims， if substituted for the claim about the lighting of movie sets， would lend the same type of support to the argument above?
(A) An important part of what gives these movies their identity is the result of the black-and-white format.
(B) Color film would have better captured the film-makers' intentions.
(C) Color film is superior to black-and-white film for making movies.
(D) Makeup for the actors was applied so as to look best in black-and-white films.
(E) The choice of black-and-white film over color film is entirely a matter of taste.
參考答案：CBD
練習題二
1.In Borkland， university scholarship stipends worth $4.2 million were unclaimed last year because several scholarship programs attracted no applicants who met the programs' qualifying criteria.This is an egregious waste of funds in a country where thousands of promising students each year cannot afford tuition.Qualifying criteria for those scholarships， therefore， should be revised.
Which of the following， if true about Borkland， most strongly supports the conclusion drawn above?
(A) Many scholarships are unclaimed not because their qualifying criteria are too restrictive but because the scholarship programs rarely announce the scholarships' availability.
(B) Because of inflation， the stipends offered by certain scholarship programs now appear less attractive to potential applicants than they did when they were first offered.
(C) A significant number of scholarship programs awarded all of their available scholarship stipends last year， yet most of those programs have very restrictive qualifying criteria.
(D) Certain scholarship programs accept applications only from students enrolled in specific major fields of study， but Borkland's universities no longer offer courses in the fields specified by many of those programs.
(E) Several scholarship programs have found it impossible to revise their qualifying criteria without engaging in lengthy and costly legal proceedings.
2.In Diersville the new Environmental Action party won two seats on the seven-member town council in 1988.It lost both of those seats in the 1992 election，even though the party's pro-environment platform had essentially remained unchanged.This decline in the party's fortunes clearly demonstrates that in Diersville environmental concerns faded in significance between 1988 and 1992.
Which of the following， if true， most seriously weakens the argument?
(A) Between 1988 and 1992， the number of eligible voters in Diersville rose， but not the percentage who actually voted.
(B) Between 1988 and 1992， Diersville's leading political party revised its platform， adopting a strongly environmentalist stance.
(C) The parties that ran candidates in the 1992 election in Diersville were the same as those that had done so in the 1988 election.
(D) In 1992 the Environmental Action party won fewer votes in Diersville than it had won in 1988.
(E) Between 1988 and 1992， some measures intended to benefit the environment had been adopted by the town council， but with inconclusive results.
3.The United States is not usually thought of as a nation of parakeet lovers.Yet in a census of parakeet owners in selected comparable countries， the United States ranked second， with eleven parakeet owners per hundred people.The conclusion can be drawn from this that people in the United States are more likely to own parakeets than are people in most other countries.
Knowledge of which of the following would be most useful in judging the accuracy of the conclusion?
(A) The number of parakeets in the United States.
(B) The number of parakeet owners in the United States.
(C) The number of parakeet owners per hundred people in the country that ranked first in the census.
(D) The number of parakeet owners in the United States compared to the numbers of owners of other pet birds in the United States.
(E) The numbers of parakeet owners per hundred people in the countries not included in the census.
參考答案：DBE
練習題三
1 Until 1984 only aspirin and acetaminophen shared the lucrative nonprescription pain-reliever market. In 1984， however， ibuprofen was expected to account for fifteen percent of all nonprescription pain-reliever sales.On that basis business experts predicted for 1984 a corresponding fifteen percent decrease in the combined sales of aspirin and acetaminophen.
The prediction mentioned in the last sentence above was based on which of the following assumptions?
(A) Most consumers would prefer ibuprofen to both aspirin and acetaminophen.
(B) Aspirin， acetaminophen， and ibuprofen all relieve headache pain and muscular aches， but aspirin and ibuprofen can also cause stomach irritation.
(C) Before 1984 ibuprofen was available only as a prescription medicine.
(D) The companies that manufacture and sell aspirin and acetaminophen would not also manufacture and sell ibuprofen.
(E) The introduction of ibuprofen would not increase total sales of nonprescription pain reliever.
2 New regulations in Mullentown require manufacturers there to develop five-year pollution-reduction plans. The regulations require that each manufacturer develop a detailed plan for reducing its released pollutants by at least 50 percent. Clearly， the regulations will not result in significant pollution reduction， how- ever， since the regulations do not force manufacturers to implement their plans.
Which of the following， if true， most weakens the argument?
(A) Mullentown's manufacturing plants are not the only source of pollution there.
(B) Detailed plans would reveal that measures to reduce released pollutants would also reduce manufacturers' costs for materials， waste disposal， and legal services
(C) Pollutants that manufacturing processes create but that are not released directly into the environment must nonetheless be collected and prepared for disposal
(D) Any reductions in pollutants released from Mullentown's manufacturing plants would not be noticeable for at least five years.
(E) Each manufacturer will be required to submit its plan to a committee appointed by Mullentown's officials.
3 Until 1984 only aspirin and acetaminophen shared the lucrative nonprescription pain-reliever market. In 1984， however， ibuprofen was expected to account for fifteen percent of all nonprescription pain-reliever sales.On that basis business experts predicted for 1984 a corresponding fifteen percent decrease in the combined sales of aspirin and acetaminophen.
The prediction mentioned in the last sentence above was based on which of the following assumptions?
(A) Most consumers would prefer ibuprofen to both aspirin and acetaminophen.
(B) Aspirin， acetaminophen， and ibuprofen all relieve headache pain and muscular aches， but aspirin and ibuprofen can also cause stomach irritation.
(C) Before 1984 ibuprofen was available only as a prescription medicine.
(D) The companies that manufacture and sell aspirin and acetaminophen would not also manufacture and sell ibuprofen.
(E) The introduction of ibuprofen would not increase total sales of nonprescription pain reliever.
參考答案：
EBC
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