英語六級寫作方法及技巧

　　英語是一種語言，從語言學(xué)角度來看，學(xué)生在掌握一定數(shù)量的詞匯與語法知識后，就要用來表達自己的思想、見解，這些落實到紙面上就是英語寫作。為提高大家的英語寫作能力和技巧，不妨看看。

　　方法一：敘述法

　　敘述法發(fā)展段落主要是按照事物本身的時間或空間的排列順序，通過對一些特有過渡連接詞的使用，有層次分步驟地表達主題句的一種寫作手段。用這種方法展開段落，作者能夠清楚連貫地交待事物的本末，從而可以使讀者可以清晰、完整地理解文章的含義，例如：，

　　In the flat opposite, a woman heard the noise outside. When she looked out through the window, she discovered that her neighbor was threatened by someone. She immediately called the police station. In answer to the call, a patrol police car arrived at the scene of the crime quickly. Three policemen went inside the flat at once, and others guarded outside the building to prevent anyone from escaping.，

　　這段是按照事物發(fā)展的先后順序，敘述從發(fā)現(xiàn)案情、報警、到警察趕到、包圍現(xiàn)場的過程。全文脈絡(luò)清晰，敘述的層次感強，結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。

　　常用于敘述法中的過渡連接詞有：first, an the beginning, to start with, after that, later, then, afterwards, in the end, finally等。

　　方法二：列舉法

　　作者運用列舉法，是通過列舉一系列的論據(jù)對topic sentence中擺出的論點進行廣泛、全面地陳述或解釋，列舉的順序可以按照所列各點內(nèi)容的相對重要性、時間、空間等進行。，

　　Yesterday was one of those awful days for me when everything I did went wrong. First, I didn't hear my alarm clock and arrived late for work. Then, I didn't read my diary properly and forgot to get to an important meeting with my boss. During the coffee break, I dropped my coffee cup and spoilt my new skirt. At lunch time, I left my purse on a bus and lost all the money that was in it. After lunch, my boss was angry because I hadn't gone to the meeting. Then I didn't notice a sign on a door that said "Wet Paint" and so I spoilt my jacket too. When I got home I couldn't get into my flat because I had left my key in my office. So I broke a window to get in and cut my hand.

　　根據(jù)本段主題句中的關(guān)鍵詞組everything I did went wrong，作者列舉了8點內(nèi)容，分別由first, then, during the coffee break, after lunch time等連接詞語引出，使得該文條理清楚、脈絡(luò)分明、內(nèi)容連貫。

　　常用于列舉法的過渡連接詞有：for one thing , for another, finally, besides, moreover, one another , still another, first, second, also等。

　　方法三：重復(fù)法

　　句子的一部分反復(fù)出現(xiàn)在段落中，這就是重復(fù)法。它往往造成一種步步緊逼的氣氛，使文章結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，有感染力。比如：

　　Since that time, which is far enough away from now, I have often thought that few people know what secrecy there is in the young, under terror. I was in mortal terror of the young man who wanted my heart and liver; I was in mortal terror of my interlocutor with the iron leg; I was in mortal terror of myself, from whom an awful promise had been extracted; --

　　該段中反復(fù)應(yīng)用了I was in mortal terror of …我經(jīng)常處于恐怖之中。

　　以上， 我們結(jié)合具體文章討論了展開段落的幾種方法。在實際寫作中，我們往往不必拘泥于一種寫作方法，而是將若干方法穿插在一起，使文章有聲有色。

　　方法四：因果分析法

　　在闡述某一現(xiàn)象的段落中，常采用因果分析法。例如：

　　The role of women in today's society is changing. One reason is that women have begun to assert themselves as independent people through the women's movement. Also, women are aware of the alternatives to staying at home. Another reason is that increasing numbers of women who enter new fields and interests serve as role models for other women. Moreover, men are becoming more conscious of the abilities of women and have begun to view their independence positively.

　　本段中，主題句提出了一種社會現(xiàn)象，推展句則對產(chǎn)生這種現(xiàn)象的原因作出各種解釋。 常用于因果分析法的連接詞有：because, so, as a result等。

　　方法五：對比法

　　將同類的事物按照某種特定的規(guī)則進行比較分析是一種常用的思維方法。通過對比，更容易闡述所述對象之間的異同和優(yōu)缺點，例如：

　　The heart of an electronic computer lies in its vacuum tubes, or transistors. Its electronic circuits work a thousand times faster than the nicer cells in the human brain. A problem that might take a human being a long time to solve can be solved by a computer in one minute.

　　在這段文字上， 作者為了突出電子計算機運行速度之快，首先將它與人腦進行了比較， "-- a thousand times faster than --" ;而后，又將這一概念具體到了 "a problem"上，通過對比使讀者從 "-- a long time -- in one minute"上有更加直觀的認(rèn)識。

　　常用于對本法或比較法上的過渡連接詞有：than, compared with等。

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