考研英語(yǔ)閱讀真題及答案
英語(yǔ)歷年考試真題是必備的資料，真題是一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，做真題可以把握試題難度，出題角度，了解命題重點(diǎn)。下面是小編給大家準(zhǔn)備的考研的英語(yǔ)閱讀真題及答案，一起來練習(xí)一下吧!
考研英語(yǔ)閱讀真題及答案 1
第一篇：
In 1960-1961, Chad (乍得) harvested 9800 tons of cotton seed for the first time in its history, and put out the flag a little too soon. The efforts of the authorities to get the peasants back to work, as they had slacked off (松懈) a great deal the previous year during independence celebrations, largely contributed to it. Also, rains were well spaced, and continued through the whole month of October. If the 1961-1962 total is back to the region of 45000 tons, it is mostly because efforts slackened again and sowing was started too late.
The average date of sowing is about July 1st. If this date is simply moved up fifteen or twenty days, 30000 to 60000 tons of cotton are gained, depending on the year. The peasant in Chad sows his millet (小米) first, and it is hard to criticize this instinctive priority given to his daily bread. An essential reason for his lateness with sowing cotton is that at the time when he should leave to prepare the fields he has just barely sold the cotton of the previous season. The work required to sow, in great heat, is psychologically far more difficult if ones pockets are full of money. The date of cotton sales should therefore be moved forward as much as possible, and purchases of equipment and draught animals encouraged.
Peasants should also be encouraged to save money, to help them through the difficult period between harvests. If necessary they should be forced to do so, by having the payments for cotton given to them in installments (分期付款). The last payment would be made after proof that the peasant has planted before the deadline, the date being advanced to the end of June. Those who have done so would receive extra money whereas the last planters would not receive their last payment until later.
Only the first steps are hard, because once work has started the peasants continue willingly on their way. Educational campaigns among the peasants will play an essential role in this basic advance, early sowing, on which all the others depend. It is not a matter of controlling the peasants. Each peasant will remain master of his fields. One could, however, suggest the need for the time being of kind but firm rule, which, as long as it cannot be realized by the people, should at least be for the people.
21. In 1960-1961, Chad had a good harvest of cotton because .
�。ˋ)the government greatly encouraged peasants
�。˙)rains favored the growth of cotton
�。–)Chad gained independence in the previous year
�。―)Both (A)and (B)
22. We learn from the passage that the date of sowing cotton is usually .
（A) on June 15th
�。˙) on July 15th
（C) on July 1st
�。―）on July 20th
23. As used in the third sentence of the second paragraph,daily breadrefers to .
(A)breakfast
(B)bread and butter
(C)rice
(D)millet
24. In order to help them through the difficult time between harvests the peasants have to .
（A)sell cotton in advance
�。˙)be encouraged to save money
（C)sow cotton in time
�。―)plant millet first
25. Which of the following is NOT true?
�。ˋ)Educational campaigns are very important to early sowing.
（B)Of all the advances that the writer hopes for, early sowing is the most important.
�。–)Peasants should remain the masters of their fields.
�。―)Government might as well make good and firm rule for peasants.
第二篇：
We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money. But most mistakes are about people. Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen? When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it, as a friend? Or did he envy my luck? And Paul-why didnt pick up that he was friendly just because I had a car? When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, its too late.
Why do we go wrong about our friends-or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we dont really listen we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, Youre a lucky dog. Thats being friendly. But lucky dog? Theres a bit of envy in those words. Maybe he doesnt see it himself. But bringing in the dog bit puts you down a little. What he may be saying is that the doesnt think you deserve your luck.
Just think of all the things you have to be thankful foris another noise that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he? Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isnt important. Its telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you havent got a date for Saturday night.
How can you tell the real meaning behind someones words? One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks? Does what he says agree with the tone of voice? His posture(姿態(tài))? The look in his eyes? Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people to you may save another mistake.
26. This passage is mainly about .
(A)how to interpret what people say
(B)what to do when you listen to others talking
(C)how to avoid mistakes when you communicate with people
(D)Why we go wrong with people sometimes
27. According to the author, the reason why we go wrong about our friends is that .
(A)We fail to listen carefully when they talk
(B) People tend to be annoyed when we check what they say
(C)People usually state one thing but means another
(D)We tend to doubt what our friends say
28. In the sentence Maybe he doesnt see it himself. in the second paragraph, the pronoun it refers to.
(A) being friendly
(C) lucky dog
(B) a bit of envy
(D)your luck
29. When we listen to a person talking, the most important thing for us to do is .
(A)notice the way the person is talking
(B)take a good look at the person talking
(C)mind his tone, his posture and the look in his eyes
(D)examine the real meaning of what he says based on his manner, his tone and his posture
30. The author most probably is a .
(A) teacher
(C) philosopher
(B) psychologist
(D)doctor
參考答案
第一篇：1.D 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.B
第二篇：1.C 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.B
考研英語(yǔ)閱讀真題及答案 2
For the past severalyears, the Sunday newspaper supplement Paradehas featured a column called "Ask Marilyn." People are invited to query Marilynvos Savant, who at age 10 had tested at a mental level of someone about 23years old； that gave her an IQ of 228 - the highest score ever recorded. IQtests ask you to complete verbal and visual analogies, to envision paper afterit has been folded and cut, and to deduce numerical sequences, among othersimilar tasks. So it is a bit confusing when vos Savant fields such queriesfrom the average Joe (whose IQ is 100) as, Whats the difference between loveand fondness? Or what is the nature of luck and coincidence?
①Itsnot obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numericalpatterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poetsand philosophers.
Clearly, intelligenceencompasses more than a score on a test. Just what does it mean to be smart?How much of intelligence can be specified, and how much can we learn about itfrom neurology, genetics, computer science and other fields?
The defining term ofintelligence in humans still seems to be the IQ score, even though IQ tests arenot given as often as they used to be. The test comes primarily in two forms:the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale and the Wechsler Intelligence Scales(both come in adult and childrens version). Generally costing several hundreddollars, they are usually given only by psychologists, although variations ofthem populate bookstores and the World Wide Web.
�、赟uperhigh scores like vos Savants are nolonger possible, because scoring is now based on a statistical populationdistribution among age peers, rather than simply dividing the mental age by thechronological age and multiplying by 100. Other standardized tests,such as the Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT) and the Graduate Record Exam(GRE), capture the main aspects of IQ tests.
Such standardized testsmay not assess all the important elements necessary to succeed in school and inlife, argues Robert J. Sternberg. In his article "How Intelligent IsIntelligence Testing?",
�、跾ternberg notes that traditionaltest best assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measure creativityand practical knowledge, components also critical to problem solving and lifesuccess. Moreover, IQ test do not necessarilypredict so well once populations or situations change. Research has found thatIQ predicted leadership skills when the tests were given under low-stressconditions, but under high-stress conditions, IQ was negatively correlated withleadership - that is, it predicted the opposite. Anyone who has toiled throughSAT will testify that test-taking skill also matters, whether its knowing whento guess or what questions to skip.
1. Which of the following may be required in anintelligent test?
[A] Answeringphilosophical questions.
[B] Foldingor cutting paper into different shapes.
[C] Tellingthe difference between certain concepts.（D）
[D] Choosingwords or graphs similar to the given ones.
2. What can be inferred about intelligence testingfrom Paragraph 3?
[A] People nolonger use IQ scores as an indicator of intelligence.
[B] Moreversions of IQ tests are now available on the Internet.
[C] The testcontents and formats for adults and children may be different.（C）
[D]Scientists have defined the important elements of human intelligence.
3. People nowadays can no longer achieve IQ scoresas high as vos Savants because
[A] thescores are obtained through different computational procedures.
[B]creativity rather than analytical skills is emphasized now.
[C] vosSavants case is an extreme one that will not repeat.（A）
[D] thedefining characteristic of IQ tests has changed.
4. We can conclude from the last paragraph that
[A] testscores may not be reliable indicators of ones ability.
[B] IQ scoresand SAT results are highly correlated.
[C] testinginvolves a lot of guesswork.（A）
[D]traditional test are out of date.
5. What is the authors attitude towards IQ test?
[A]Supportive.
[B]Skeptical.
[C]Impartial.（B）
[D] Biased.
考研英語(yǔ)閱讀真題及答案 3
The Norwegian Government is doing its best to keep the oil industry under control. A new law limits exploration to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline； production limits have been laid down (though these have already been raised)； and oil companies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers. But the oil industry has a way of getting over such problems， and few people believe that the Government will be able to hold things back for long. As on Norwegian politician said last week： “We will soon be changed beyond all recognition.”
Ever since the war， the Government has been carrying out a programme of development in the area north of the Arctic Circle. During the past few years this programme has had a great deal of success： Tromso has been built up into a local capital with a university， a large hospital and a healthy industry. But the oil industry has already started to draw people south， and within a few years the whole northern policy could be in ruins.
The effects of the oil industry would not be limited to the north， however. With nearly 100 percent employment， everyone can see a situation developing in which the service industries and the tourist industry will lose more of their workers to the oil industry. Some smaller industries might even disappear altogether when it becomes cheaper to buy goods from abroad.
The real argument over oil is its threat to the Norwegian way of life. Farmers and fishermen do not make up most of the population， but they are an important part of it， because Norwegians see in them many of the qualities that they regard with pride as essentially Norwegian. And it is the farmers and the fishermen who are most critical of the oil industry because of the damage that it might cause to the countryside and to the sea.
1.The Norwegian Government would prefer the oil industry to
[A] provide more jobs for foreign workers.
[B] slow down the rate of its development.
[C] sell the oil it is producing abroad.
[D] develop more quickly than at present.
2.The Norwegian Government has tried to
[A] encourage the oil companies to discover new oil sources.
[B] prevent oil companies employing people from northern Norway.
[C] help the oil companies solve many of their problems.
[D] keep the oil industry to something near its present size.
3.According to the passage， the oil industry might lead northern Norway to
[A] the development of industry.
[B] a growth in population.
[C] the failure of the development programme.
[D] the development of new towns.
4.In the south， one effect to the development of the oil industry might be
[A] a large reduction on unemployment.
[B] a growth in the tourist industry.
[C] a reduction in the number of existing industries.
[D] the development of a number of service industries.
5.Norwegian farmers and fishermen have an important influence because
[A] they form such a large part of Norwegian ideal.
[B] their lives and values represent the Norwegian ideal.
[C] their work is so useful to the rest of Norwegian society.
[D] they regard oil as a threat to the Norwegian way of life.
Vocabulary
1.Norwegian 挪威的；挪威人
2.coastline 海岸線
3.recognition 承認(rèn)；認(rèn)識(shí)；贊賞
4.countryside 鄉(xiāng)下；鄉(xiāng)民
難句譯注
1.A new law limits exploration to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline； production limits have been laid down (though these have already been raised)； and oil companies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers.
【結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)析】用兩個(gè)分號(hào)連接三句句子。
【參考譯文】一條新的法律限制人們僅在長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的海岸線南端以南地區(qū)進(jìn)行勘探考察；規(guī)定了石油生產(chǎn)限量(雖然已提高)；石油公司雇傭外國(guó)工人不許超出限定額。
2.With nearly 100 percent employment， everyone can see a situation developing in which the service industries and the tourist industry will lose more of their workers to the oil industry.
【參考譯文】由于將近百分之一百就業(yè)率，每個(gè)人都能看出形式發(fā)展中服務(wù)行業(yè)和旅游行業(yè)的大部分工人會(huì)跑到石油工業(yè)方面去。
3.Farmers and fishermen do not make up most of the population， but they are an important part of it， because Norwegians see in them many of the qualities that they regard with pride as essentially Norwegian.
【結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)析】復(fù)合句。在because狀語(yǔ)從句中that是定語(yǔ)從句修飾qualities.
【參考譯文】雖然農(nóng)民和漁民并不占人口的絕大多數(shù)，可是他們都是人口的重要組成不分，因?yàn)榕餐嗽谒麄兩砩峡吹皆S多他們自豪地認(rèn)為是挪威人的基本品質(zhì)。
寫作方法與文章大意
文章論述“挪威政府意欲控制石油工業(yè)”。采用對(duì)比寫法。先提出政府新政策的種種限制。但石油工業(yè)有辦法對(duì)付。人們都認(rèn)為限制難以長(zhǎng)久。其次講述，從戰(zhàn)時(shí)起，挪威政府一直執(zhí)行開發(fā)北極圈北部地區(qū)的發(fā)展規(guī)劃，也取得成功。但石油工業(yè)已經(jīng)開始向南方進(jìn)軍，北方政策可能會(huì)失敗。石油工業(yè)之影響超出北方，有些企業(yè)縮小，減少。最后一段是講爭(zhēng)論的焦點(diǎn)：石油對(duì)挪威生活方式構(gòu)成了威脅，具體表現(xiàn)在對(duì)挪威理想的代表――漁民和農(nóng)民的威脅。
答案詳解
1.B 減慢發(fā)展速率。文章開始就闡明挪威政府正竭盡全力把石油工業(yè)控制起來，制定新法律來限制勘探開采，限制產(chǎn)量，限制雇傭外國(guó)工人人數(shù)。
A. 為外國(guó)工人提供更多的工作。C.賣掉正在國(guó)外生產(chǎn)的石油。D.比現(xiàn)在發(fā)展更快。
2.D 使石油工業(yè)保持在接近現(xiàn)在的規(guī)模。
A. 鼓勵(lì)石油公司去發(fā)現(xiàn)新石油資源。B.制止石油公司雇傭來自挪威北方的人。C.幫助石油公司解決許多問題。
3.C 發(fā)展規(guī)劃的失敗。這在第二段最后一句：“可是石油工業(yè)已經(jīng)開始把人們吸引到南方去，所以不出幾年，整個(gè)北方政策可能成泡影�！�
A.工業(yè)發(fā)展。B.人口增長(zhǎng)。D.新城市的.發(fā)展。文內(nèi)沒有涉及。
4.C 現(xiàn)存工業(yè)數(shù)的減少。第三段開始“可是石油工業(yè)的影響并不僅僅限于北方。近百分之一百的就業(yè)率，使每個(gè)人都見到發(fā)展的勢(shì)頭，服務(wù)業(yè)和旅游業(yè)的好多工人轉(zhuǎn)向石油工業(yè)。某些較小的工業(yè)，在從國(guó)外購(gòu)進(jìn)貨物更便宜的情況下，很可能會(huì)全部消失�！边@說明工業(yè)數(shù)減少。
A.大大減少失業(yè)。B.旅游行業(yè)增長(zhǎng)。D.許多服務(wù)公司發(fā)展。文內(nèi)沒有提。
5.B 他們的生活和價(jià)值代表了挪威人的理想。
A.他們組成了那么大一部分挪威理想。C.他們的工作對(duì)挪威社會(huì)的其他方面非常有用。D.他們認(rèn)為石油是對(duì)挪威生活方式的威脅。最后一段第一句話：“對(duì)石油真正的爭(zhēng)論點(diǎn)是它對(duì)挪威生活方式的一種威脅�！辈⒉皇撬麄冋J(rèn)為威脅。
考研英語(yǔ)閱讀真題及答案 4
閱讀下面短文，從題中所給的 A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A young girl named Malala, born in 1997 in the northwest of Pakistan, is famous for supporting children and women to get education.
In 2012, she was shot and seriously injured when she returned home on the school bus. Luckily, she was sent to the hospital in time and saved. After that, she went back to school and began to strive( 奮斗 ) for children and women to receive education.
On October 10, 2014, the Nobel Prize for peace was awarded ( 授 予 ) to Malala. She became the youngest winner in the history of Nobel Prize. However, Malala missed the most important event of being announced to be the winner of the prize. At the very moment, she was taking chemistry lessons in the classroom! After hearing the news, Malala chose to take her history and physics lessons as usual. She said calmly to the reporter, “I’m proud of getting this prize. Although the unforgettable date itself means something to me, it’s more important to finish the rest lessons today. After all, it’s a normal school day.”
One year later, Amy Mainzer, an astronomical scientist of NASA, found a new planet. She named it “Malala”. When Amy Mainzer was interviewed by Times, she explained, “I think Malala has set an example for us. She is fearless and sticks to helping children and women get the right of being educated. Nothing can stop her.”
Last year, Malala passed the entrance examination of Oxford University through her hard work. Before she finished her high school, she had written a book I am Malala. She said, “I hope the readers around the world have chances to read my book. My dream is that more and more people will realize it is extremely difficult for children and women in some areas to get education. Actually, my story is also the story of 61 million children. Every boy and every girl should have the right to go to school. ”
61. How old was Malala when she won the Nobel Prize for peace? A. 17. B. 16. C. 15. D. 14.
62. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “astronomical” in Chinese?
A. 航天的 B. 天文的 C. 地理的. D. 生物的
63. What’s the name of the new planet?
A. Amy Mainzer. B. NASA. C. Oxford. D. Malala.
64. What is the correct order of the following events?
�、� Malala became a student of Oxford. ② A planet was named for Malala.
�、� The Nobel Prize was awarded to Malala. ④ Malala wrote a book called I am Malala.
A. ③②①④ B. ②③①④ C. ③②④① D. ②④①③
65. Which of the following about Malala is NOT TRUE according to the passage? A. She strives for helping children and women to go to school. B. She is the youngest winner in the history of Nobel Prize. C. She was taking chemistry lessons when she was awarded. D. She wrote a book about herself and 6.1 million children.
參考答案：61. A 62. B 63. D 64. C 65. D
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