為了讓2017年考生更高效地復(fù)習(xí)考研英語(yǔ)翻譯,小編搜集整理了高分翻譯的必須經(jīng)歷的三個(gè)階段,希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。
一、理解階段
理解主要通過(guò)原文上下文來(lái)進(jìn)行?忌仨殢纳舷挛牡年P(guān)系中來(lái)探求正確譯法。所謂上下文可以指一個(gè)句子,一個(gè)段落,也可以指整篇文章。對(duì)原文作透徹理解是確切翻譯的基礎(chǔ)和關(guān)鍵。要做到這一點(diǎn),必須注意以下幾點(diǎn)。
1、理解語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象
考生必須上下有聯(lián)系地理解原文的詞匯含義、句法結(jié)構(gòu)和慣用法等。例如:
例1 It will strengthen you to know that your distinguished career is so widely respected and appreciated .
分析:在上面這個(gè)句子中,不定式短語(yǔ)to know that……。appreciated是句子的主語(yǔ),由先行詞it作代表。有人曾把這個(gè)句子誤譯為“這會(huì)使你更加認(rèn)識(shí)到,你的杰出事業(yè)是如此廣泛地受到人民的尊敬和贊賞”,原因是把句子中的不定式短語(yǔ)當(dāng)成了will strengthen的狀語(yǔ)。
譯文:當(dāng)你認(rèn)識(shí)到你的杰出事業(yè)是如此廣泛地受到人們的尊敬和贊賞時(shí),你就會(huì)為自己增添力量。
2、理解邏輯關(guān)系
邏輯關(guān)系有時(shí)可以幫助我們理解按原文語(yǔ)法關(guān)系所不能理解的問(wèn)題。例如
例1It is good for him to do that.
分析:這個(gè)句子可以有兩種意思:
(1)這樣做對(duì)他有好處。
(2)他這樣做是件好事。
二、表達(dá)階段
表達(dá)階段就是譯者把自己從原文理解的內(nèi)容用漢語(yǔ)重新表達(dá)出來(lái)。表達(dá)的好壞取決于對(duì)原文理解的深度及對(duì)譯文語(yǔ)言的修養(yǎng)程度。表達(dá)涉及到翻譯的方法及技巧等問(wèn)題。英譯漢的方法一般有直譯和意譯兩種,
三、校核階段
校核是為了保證譯文完全符合原文所陳述的內(nèi)容。在檢查譯文時(shí),考生必須借助原文才能確認(rèn)自己翻譯的準(zhǔn)確性。另外,校核也包括對(duì)文字的潤(rùn)色,因此,校核是一個(gè)很重要的階段,并非可有可無(wú)。通過(guò)校核,我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)譯文的一些問(wèn)題,確保自己理解的內(nèi)容很多把握地得到分?jǐn)?shù)。在校核階段,一般應(yīng)注意以下幾個(gè)問(wèn)題。
(1)人名、地名、日期=方位和數(shù)字的翻譯;
(2)漢語(yǔ)譯文的詞與句有無(wú)遺漏;
(3)漢語(yǔ)譯文中句子修飾成分的位置;
(4)有無(wú)錯(cuò)別字;
(5)標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)有無(wú)錯(cuò)誤等。
相關(guān)閱讀:
考研英語(yǔ)作文是考研英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)的一部分,作文模板有助于幫我們寫(xiě)出更好地作文。小編整理了情感類(lèi)的作文模板,希望對(duì)2017年考生有所幫助。
情感類(lèi)模板一:
Just as is depicted in the picture. It is not difficult to find that in today‘s society, more and more people begin to …… . It is rather good news to …… .
The picture reminds us that in China, due to ,…… . Moreover, there are …… .In addition, we should not forget ……。
……is a good way to express human love. To some extent, it also reflects individuals' sense of social responsibility. It is also a feeling from deep heart that is beyond words and is difficult to obtain no matter how rich one is. Therefore, I strongly advocate that…… . I am sure our society will hence be more beautiful because of…… .
情感類(lèi)模板二:
As is shown in the picture above,…… 。 Obviously from we can surmise that …… 。
It goes without saying that the primary purpose of the picture lies in eulogizing the practice of …… . As a matter of fact, it is not rare to find in our everyday life deeds of similar nature.For instance,…… . Additionally, we can also hear many stories about …… .Not to mention those moving cases of …… .
All in all, I firmly believe that a harmonious society is based on a …… . By ……, people not only harvest ……, but also gain that can never be purchased via money.