雅思考試一次通關(guān)課程
雅思寫(xiě)作從考官范文中提取素材 發(fā)現(xiàn)觀點(diǎn)和論據(jù)
很多考生在面對(duì)雅思大作文時(shí)，對(duì)于素材和論據(jù)的選取很是苦惱，因此往往會(huì)看一些文章或者是材料有利于積累觀點(diǎn)素材。BBC，CNN甚至是economist當(dāng)然都是優(yōu)質(zhì)的選擇，但是在緊張的雅思備考中，在聽(tīng)說(shuō)讀寫(xiě)四面夾擊的屠鴨戰(zhàn)斗中，大多數(shù)考生是不可能有太多時(shí)間去通過(guò)大量閱讀這些高詞匯量，大篇幅的文章的來(lái)完成觀點(diǎn)和論據(jù)的積累的；甚至在閱讀完之后如何提煉信息，篩選信息，然后轉(zhuǎn)化為可以為雅思寫(xiě)作所用的觀點(diǎn)與論據(jù)又是一項(xiàng)不小的工程。
而且，對(duì)于大多數(shù)寫(xiě)作徘徊在5-6分考生來(lái)說(shuō)，需要提高的并不是所謂的.新穎豐富的論據(jù)和觀點(diǎn)（因?yàn)樵u(píng)分準(zhǔn)則中并沒(méi)有對(duì)論據(jù)和觀點(diǎn)的新穎性有任何的要求），而是如何在準(zhǔn)確審題之后把合適的論據(jù)通過(guò)為觀點(diǎn)服務(wù)、并且使英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的考官能夠理解的方式恰當(dāng)?shù)谋磉_(dá)成文字。下面謝爽老師會(huì)通過(guò)劍橋真題7Test3的考官范文中的部分細(xì)節(jié)為大家呈現(xiàn)，如何通過(guò)考官范文提煉觀點(diǎn)論據(jù)：
As most people spend a major part of their adult life at work, job satisfaction is an important element of individual wellbeing. What factors contribute to job satisfaction? How realistic is the expectation of job satisfaction for all workers?
首先，題目中就有一些很有用的信息可以供大家來(lái)積累觀點(diǎn)和論據(jù)了:
1. job satisfaction/well-being---只要是涉及到“工作類(lèi)別的話題，題目中的內(nèi)容只要是“有利于提高員工工作滿(mǎn)意度的”或者是“增強(qiáng)幸福感的”，那么大家就可以選擇同意的角度和觀點(diǎn)來(lái)寫(xiě),呈現(xiàn)出來(lái)的句式可以是“...(題目中的內(nèi)容) play an important role in enhance job satisfaction/the sense of well-being among employees”.而且對(duì)于“well-being”而言，是可以用于更廣泛的題目的，如果對(duì)于”政府類(lèi)”話題，那么題目中政府的做法提高的就是 the citizens'/public well-being.
2. realistic---這個(gè)詞給大家一個(gè)很萬(wàn)能的思路，當(dāng)大家發(fā)現(xiàn)題目中的內(nèi)容所涉及的某一種措施是很難得以實(shí)施的時(shí)候，觀點(diǎn)就可以表達(dá)為...is unrealistic或者It is unrealistic for....to do......,eg. It is unrealistic for the government to pay tuition fees for every university student.
文章開(kāi)頭段：
Nowadays many adults have full-time jobs and the proportion of their lives spent doing such jobs is very high. So feelings about one's job must reflect how an individual feels about his or her life as a whole, and because of this, job satisfaction is indeed very important for the wellbeing of that person.
3. the proportion of their lives spent doing such jobs is very high--這個(gè)表達(dá)是可以引申為多用論點(diǎn)或者論據(jù)的，因此提煉出的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為the proportion of... is very high/considerable +so....比如，關(guān)于“國(guó)際援助”的話題，這個(gè)表達(dá)就可以轉(zhuǎn)化為一個(gè)分論點(diǎn)The proportion of the natural or human resources contribution made by developing countries to accumulated wealth in rich countries is rather considerable so it is the time for the rich countries to make some recompense to them.
文章主體段第一段：
Employees get job satisfaction in a number of ways. Firstly, a person needs to feel that they are doing valued and valuable work, so positive feedback from superiors is very important in this respect.
4. positive feedback--作為論據(jù)可以概括為“positive/negative feedback”可以根據(jù)自己想要寫(xiě)的內(nèi)容來(lái)進(jìn)行選擇，比如在關(guān)于“學(xué)校教育和家庭教育”的話題中考生可以在論述學(xué)校教育的作用時(shí)用到此個(gè)表達(dá)：Both positive and negative feedback from teachers or peers in the school can make children become more aware of how their own behavior would influence others and during working or living with the classmates, they will gradually get a clear perspective of what they are expected to behave.
其實(shí)這句話中的兩處表達(dá)也都是提煉自另外一篇考官范文的。
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