^ȥɕrhad+^ȥ~(gu)˟o˷Q׃
϶ʽI had/I’d worked
ʽI had not/hadn’t worked
Ɇʽhad I worked?
Ɇʽhad I not/hadn’t I worked?
B ÷
1 ^ȥɕrcF(xin)ɕrஔ(dng)?sh)^ȥʽ
F(xin)ɕr
Ann has just left.If you hurry you’ll catch her.
һc
^ȥɕr
When I arrived Ann had just left.
ҵĕrx_
F(xin)ɕr
I’ve lost my case.
ҵG
^ȥɕr
He had lost his case and had to borrow Tom’s pyjamas.
Gˣòȥķ˯˯ѝ
^ȥɕrF(xin)ɕrǘڱ_δָrgĄ˿f
He had left his case on the 440 train.
G4c40ֵĻ܇
2 F(xin)ɕrԺ since/for/always~Bʾһ_ʼ^ȥ^m(x)Y(ji)Ą(Ҋ186(ji))cͬ^ȥɕrҲÁʾf^ȥijһr֮ǰ_ʼĄ@һ
(a)ԓrȻ^m(x);
(b)ԓrֹֹͣͣ
(yng)ע^ȥɕr߀Áʾ
(c)fr֮ǰijһrֹͣĄ
(a)(b)(c)@N͵քee£
(a)Bill was in uniform when I met him.He had been a soldier for tenyears/since he wasseventeenand planned to stay in the army till hewas thirty.
Ƞĕr܊Ǖrѽ(jng)(dng)ʮ/
17qͮ(dng)߀Ӌ܊30q
Ann had lived in a cottage for sixty years/ever since she was bornandhad no wish to move toa tower block.
Сѽ(jng)ס60/ԁһֱסСҲᵽȥס(@Ҳ^ȥMЕrʽ had beeniiving)
(b)The old oak treewhich had stood in the churchyard for300 years/since before the churchwas builtsuddenly crashed to the ground.
ڽĹ300֮õ/ڽý֮ǰͻȻgWһ푵ڵ(@Ҳ^ȥMЕrʽ had been standing)
Peterwho had waited for an hour/since ten o’clockwas very angrywith his sister when sheeventually turned up.
˵õһСr/10c͵ýKځrdz⡣(Ҳhad been waiting)
(c)He had served in the army for ten years;then he retired and married.
His children were now at school.
܊ʮ꣬鲢Y(ji)˻ĺӬF(xin)όW(xu)ˡ
@ȲsinceҲ^ȥMЕr߀Ҫע@^ȥɕr]c֮ஔ(dng)?sh)ĬF(xin)ɕrѾһ~׃ɬF(xin)ڕr~rB(ti)Ҫ׃һ^ȥr
He served in the army for ten years;then retired and married.
His chil-dren are now at school.
܊ʮȻ鲢Y(ji)˻顣ĺӬF(xin)ڶόW(xu)