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氣體自由程與輸運(yùn)系數(shù)的研究
氣體自由程與輸運(yùn)系數(shù)的研究
摘 要：氣體分子自由程和輸運(yùn)系數(shù)是分子運(yùn)動(dòng)論的基本內(nèi)容，它們?cè)诂F(xiàn)代物理的許多分支中仍必不可少，但在現(xiàn)行教科書上對(duì)它們的證明及推導(dǎo)過(guò)于粗糙很難讓學(xué)生理解與掌握。針對(duì)這些缺點(diǎn)本文在現(xiàn)行的教材以及相關(guān)參考文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上，首先根據(jù)麥克斯韋速率分布推導(dǎo)出氣體分子自由程，然后在計(jì)算推導(dǎo)實(shí)際氣體分子輸運(yùn)系數(shù)時(shí)介紹1種比較好的勢(shì)模型Tang-Toennies(TT)勢(shì)模型為分子相互作用勢(shì)，在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了用物理力學(xué)方法計(jì)算輸運(yùn)系數(shù)中關(guān)鍵的碰撞積分公式，并給出了碰撞積分公式中1些參數(shù)的確定以及關(guān)系,最后得出輸運(yùn)系數(shù)的表達(dá)式并計(jì)算出結(jié)果。把計(jì)算結(jié)果與理想氣體輸運(yùn)系數(shù)的對(duì)比分析。計(jì)算結(jié)果與理論值比較相符，同時(shí)說(shuō)明選擇TT勢(shì)模型的正確性。
關(guān)鍵詞：氣體分子；自由程；輸運(yùn)系數(shù)；相互作用勢(shì)
Research with the free path of gas and transfer factor
Abstract: Gas molecules and free transport coefficients-molecular-kinetic theory is the basic content. Modern physics in many branches still essential. However, the existing textbooks of their derivation proved too rough and difficult for students to understand and grasp. These papers address these shortcomings on the basis of the existing reference materials and related documents. First According to Maxwells distribution rate of gas molecules derived free path, Then in the calculation of actual gas molecules derived transport coefficients introduced a relatively good potential model Tang-Toenni es (TT) potential model for the molecular interaction potential, On this basis the use of physical and mechanical transport coefficients calculated key collision integral formula and gives the collision integral formula to determine the number of parameters and relationships，Came to the conclusion that the transport coefficients calculated expression results. Compared to the results and the ideal gas transport coefficients are Calculation results are consistent with theoretical values, and choose TT potential model is correct.
Key words: Gas molecules; Free path; Transfer factor; Interaction Potential
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