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專(zhuān)四新題型完形填空模擬練習(xí)題
引導(dǎo)語(yǔ)：2016年專(zhuān)四專(zhuān)八改革，完型填空由原始20個(gè)選擇題，變?yōu)?5選10 的選詞填空(與四六級(jí)形式一致)。應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)生培訓(xùn)網(wǎng)為專(zhuān)四考生整理了專(zhuān)四新題型完形填空模擬練習(xí)題，供考生們參考，謝謝能幫助到大家。
練習(xí)題一
Complaints should be made to a responsible person. Go back to the shop where you bought the goods, taking with you any(36)you may have. Ask to see the buyer in a large store. In a small store the assistant may also be the owner so you can complain(37). In a chain store ask to see the manager.
Even the bravest person finds it difficult to complain face to face, so if you do not want to do it in (38),write a letter. Be sure to39to the facts and keep a copy of what you write. At this stage you should give any receipt numbers, but you should not need to give receipts or other papers to prove you bought the article. If you are not(40)with the answer you get, or if you do not get a reply, write to the managing director of the firm, shop, or organization. Be sure to keep copies of your own letters and any you receive.
If your complaint is a just one, the shopkeeper may offer to(41) or repair the faulty article. You may find this an(42) solution. In certain cases you may have the right to refuse the goods and ask for your money back,but this is only where you have hardly used the goods and have acted at once. Even when you cannot refuse the goods you may be able to get some money back as well. And if you have suffered some(43)loss, if for example a new washing machine tears your clothes, you might receive money to replace them. If the shopkeeper offers you a credit note to be used to buy goods in the same shops but you would rather have money, say so. If you accept a credit note remember that later you will not be able to ask for your money. If the shopkeeper refuses to give you money, ask for(44) from your Citizens' Advice Bureau before you accept a credit note. In some cases the shopkeeper does not have to give you your money back--if, for example, he changes an article simply because you don't like it or it does not fit. He does not hive to take back the goods in these(45).
A. intimate
B. attractive
C. person
D. attachment
E. satisfied
F. receipt
G. contaminate
H. replace
I. special
J. stick
K.vigorously
L. advice
M. circumstances
N. directly
O. petitions
投訴應(yīng)該找負(fù)責(zé)人。帶上你可能有的任何[36]收據(jù)，返回你購(gòu)買(mǎi)商品的商店。在大商店里，要求見(jiàn)進(jìn)貨員。在小商店里，店員也可能是店主，所以你可以[37]直接投訴。在連鎖商店里，要求見(jiàn)經(jīng)理。
即便是最勇敢的人也會(huì)覺(jué)得當(dāng)面投訴很困難，所以，如果不想E3S]當(dāng)面投訴，你可以寫(xiě)信。確保所寫(xiě)[39]屬實(shí)，并把你所寫(xiě)的內(nèi)容復(fù)印一份自己保留。在這個(gè)階段，你應(yīng)該提供所有的收據(jù)單號(hào)，但是你無(wú)需 提供收據(jù)或其他文件來(lái)證明你買(mǎi)了這件商品�！ ∪绻銓�(duì)所得到的回復(fù)不[40]滿(mǎn)意，或者如果你沒(méi)得到回復(fù)，要寫(xiě)信給這家公司、商店或組織的總經(jīng)理。務(wù)必將你自己寫(xiě)的信以及你收到的任何來(lái)信備份。如果你的投訴是合理的，店主可能會(huì)提出[41]退換或修理有問(wèn)題的物品。你可能會(huì)覺(jué)得這是個(gè)[42]很吸 引人的解決方法。在某些情況下，你或許有權(quán)拒絕接受這件商品并要求退款，但這只有在你幾乎沒(méi)用過(guò)這件商品并即時(shí)采取行動(dòng)的情況下才可以。即使你無(wú)法拒絕這件商品，你或許也能拿回些退款。
而且，如果你遭受了一些[43]特殊的損失，例如，如果一臺(tái) 新洗衣機(jī)把你的衣服弄破了，你也許會(huì)獲得損失的賠償。如果店主給你提供信用證，讓你在同樣的商店里購(gòu)買(mǎi)商品時(shí)使用，而你更希望他給你錢(qián)，那么你就該說(shuō)出來(lái)。如果你接受了信用證，請(qǐng)記住，你之后就不能索要退款了。如果店主拒絕給你錢(qián)，你可以在 接受信用證前向公民咨詢(xún)局征求[44]意見(jiàn)。在一些情況下，店主不需要給你退款——比如，因?yàn)槟悴幌矚g某件商品或這件商品不適合你，而他也給你換了貨的話(huà)，在這些[45]情況下，他不需要收回商品并退款。
練習(xí)題二
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.
Culture is the sum total of all the traditions, customs, beliefs, and ways of life of a given group of human beings. In this (36), every group has a culture, however savage, undeveloped, or uncivilized it may seem to us.
To the professional anthropologist (人類(lèi)學(xué)家), there is no intrinsic(37)of one culture over another, just as to the professional linguist there is no intrinsic hierarchy(等級(jí)制度) among languages.
People once thought of the languages of backward groups as (38) and undeveloped forms of speech,consisting largely of grunts and groans. While it is possible that language in general began as a series of grunts and groans, it is a fact established by the study of "backward" languages that no spoken tongue answers that description today. Most languages of uncivilized groups are, by our most severe standards, extremely complex, delicate, and ingenious pieces of machinery for the(39)of ideas. They fall behind our Western languages not in their sound patterns or(40 )structures, which usually are fully adequate for all language needs, but only in their vocabularies, which41the objects and activities known to their speakers. Even in this department, however,two things are to be noted: 1. All languages seem to(42)the machinery for vocabulary expansion, either by putting together words already in existence or by borrowing them from other languages and adapting them to their own system. 2. The objects and activities requiring names and distinctions in"backward" languages, while different from ours, are often surprisingly(43)and complicated.
This study of language, in turn, (44)a new light upon the claim of the anthropologists that all cultures are to be viewed(45), and without ideas of rank or hierarchy.
A. savage
B. superiority
C. conceive
D. transfer
E. identification
F.grammatical
G. reflect
H. reveals
I. numerous
J . independently
K. exclusive
L. casts
M. sense
N. confidentially
O. possess
文化是人類(lèi)某一特定群體所有傳統(tǒng)、風(fēng)俗、信仰及生活方式的總和。從這種[36]意義上說(shuō)，每個(gè)群體都有一種文化，不管在我們看來(lái)，它是多么野蠻、不發(fā)達(dá)或未開(kāi)化。
對(duì)于專(zhuān)業(yè)的人類(lèi)學(xué)家而言，沒(méi)有哪種文化在本質(zhì)上比另一種[37]優(yōu)越，這就像對(duì)于專(zhuān)業(yè)的語(yǔ)言學(xué)家而言。語(yǔ)言之間并沒(méi)有內(nèi)在的等級(jí)一樣。
人們?cè)?jīng)認(rèn)為落后群體的語(yǔ)言就是[38]野蠻的、不發(fā)達(dá)的言語(yǔ)形式，主要包括咕噥和呻吟。盡管一般來(lái)說(shuō)，語(yǔ)言有可能是以一系列的咕噥和呻吟的形式開(kāi)始的，但是，通過(guò)對(duì)“落后”語(yǔ)言的研究證實(shí)，今天沒(méi)有哪種語(yǔ)言符合這種描述。按照我們的最嚴(yán)格標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)講，作為[39]傳遞思想的工具，多數(shù)未開(kāi)化人群的語(yǔ)言極其復(fù)雜、縝密，并具有獨(dú)創(chuàng)性。這些語(yǔ)言在語(yǔ)音模式或[40]語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)上通常能完全滿(mǎn)足語(yǔ)言的所有需求，并不落后于我們西方的語(yǔ)言，比我們落后的只是[41]反映這些說(shuō)話(huà)者所知物體及活動(dòng)的詞匯。然而，即使是在這方面，也有兩點(diǎn)值得一提：1.所有語(yǔ)言都[42]擁有拓展詞匯的機(jī)制，要么是通過(guò)將現(xiàn)存詞匯組合在一起來(lái)拓展，要么是通過(guò)從其他語(yǔ)言中借入一些詞并將其改造以適應(yīng)自身體系來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。2.在這些[43]“落后的”語(yǔ)言中，盡管那些需要 名字及區(qū)分的物體及活動(dòng)與我們不同，它們卻都經(jīng)常是多得出奇、復(fù)雜得出奇。
對(duì)于語(yǔ)言的研究反過(guò)來(lái)讓人們對(duì)人類(lèi)學(xué)家的斷言——所有的文化都該被[45]獨(dú)立看待，而不該帶著等級(jí)觀念去看待——[44]有了新的認(rèn)識(shí)。
練習(xí)題三
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on.Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.
Many of the aids which are advertised as liberating the modem woman tend to have the opposite effect,because they simply change the nature of work instead of eliminating it. Machines have a certain novelty value,like toys for adults. It is (36 )less tiring to put clothes in a washing machine, but the time saved does not really37too much: the machine has to be watched, the clothes have to be carefully sorted first, stains38by hand, buttons pushed and water changed, clothes taken out, aired and ironed.
It would be more liberating to pack it all off to a(39)and not necessarily more expensive, since no capital investment is required. Similarly, if you really want to save time you do not make cakes with an electric mixer, you buy one in a shop. If one compares the image of domesticated woman fostered by the women's magazines with the goods advertised by those periodicals, advertising which finances them, one realizes how useful a projected image can be in commerce. A careful (40) has to be struck: if you show a labor-saving gadget, follow it up with a(41)recipe on the next page; on no account hint at the notion that a woman could get herself a job, but instead foster her sense of her own usefulness,(42) the creative aspect of her function as a housewife. So we get cake mixes where the cook simply adds an egg herself, to produce "that lovely home-baked(43)the family love",and knitting patterns that can be made by hand, or worse still, on knitting machines, which became a tremendous vogue when they were first(44) (difficult to know who would wear all those rapidly produced sweaters, which lacked the advantages of hand-made woolens). Automatic cookers are advertised by pictures of pretty young mothers taking their children to the park, not by(45)women presetting the dinner before catching a bus to the office.
A. laundry
B. exaggerate
C . emphasize
D. certainly
E. indignant
F. removed
G. amount
H. excessively
I. complicated
J. handled
K. flavor
L. professional
M. introduced
N. calculation
O. balance
廣告上所說(shuō)的許多可以解放現(xiàn)代婦女的輔助設(shè)備往往會(huì)產(chǎn)生相反的效果，因?yàn)樗鼈冎皇歉淖兞藙趧?dòng)的性質(zhì)而并沒(méi)有消除勞動(dòng)。機(jī)器有某種新穎的價(jià)值，就像成年人的玩具一樣。把衣服放進(jìn)洗衣機(jī)[36]確實(shí)可以輕松些，但所節(jié)省出的時(shí)間[37]總量卻實(shí)在沒(méi)有太多：機(jī)器需要有人看著，先得把衣服認(rèn)真分好類(lèi)。用手把污漬[38]洗掉，還得按按鈕、換水，然后取出衣物、晾干、熨平。
把所有衣服打包送到[39]洗衣房反而更加省事，而且也未必更貴，因?yàn)椴恍枰魏钨Y本投資。同樣.如果你真的想節(jié)約時(shí)間，你就不會(huì)用電動(dòng)攪拌機(jī)來(lái)做蛋糕，而是去商店里買(mǎi)。如果你將女性雜志所培育出來(lái)的居家女性形象與那些給它們提供經(jīng)費(fèi)的期刊、廣告里所宣傳的商品相比較的話(huà)，你就會(huì)意識(shí)到樹(shù)立形象在商業(yè)上是多么有用。你需要小心地建立一種[40]平衡：如果你展示了一個(gè)省力的小器具，那么，緊接著下一頁(yè)就要展示一個(gè)[41]復(fù)雜的要訣;絕不能做出這種暗示，即女人可以找到一份工作，而 是要培養(yǎng)她自身的價(jià)值意識(shí)，[42]強(qiáng)調(diào)她作為家庭主婦時(shí)富有創(chuàng)意的一面。因此，我們準(zhǔn)備好現(xiàn)成的蛋糕粉，烹飪者只要自己加個(gè)雞蛋進(jìn)去就能做出“那種家人喜愛(ài)的、誘人的家庭烘焙的[43]風(fēng)味”。還有可以手工編織的圖案，或者更糟糕的是，可以用編織 機(jī)織出的編織圖案，而在編織機(jī)剛被[44]引進(jìn)時(shí)，這些東西十分流行(很難知道誰(shuí)會(huì)穿上那些迅速生產(chǎn)出來(lái)的毛衣，它們?nèi)狈κ止ぞ幙椀拿椢锏膬?yōu)勢(shì))。自動(dòng)化炊具的廣告圖片上是美麗的年輕母親帶著孩子到公園玩，而不是[45]職業(yè)女性在趕公交車(chē)土班前預(yù) 先準(zhǔn)備好晚飯的場(chǎng)景。
練習(xí)題四
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.
England's highest main-line railway station hangs on to life by a thread: deserted and unmanned (無(wú)人的 )since it was officially closed in 1970. Dent, 36 high in the hills of Yorkshire, wakes up On six summer weekends each year, when a special charter train unloads walkers, sightseers and people who37want to catch a train from the highest station, on to its platform. But even this limited existence may soon be brought to an end.
Dent station is situated on the Settle to Carlisle railway line, said to be the most38in the country. But no amount of scenic beauty can save the line from British Rail's cash problems. This year, for the 39 of economy, the express trains which used to pass through Dent station have been put on to another route.
It is now an open secret that British Rail sees no future for this railway line. Most of its trains disappeared some time ago. Its bridge, built on a grand 40 a century ago, is falling down. It is not alone. Half-a-dozen railway routes in the north of England are facing a similar threat. The problem is a worn-out system and an almost 41 lack of cash to repair it. Bridges and tunnels are showing their age, the wooden supports for the tracks are rotting and engines and coaches are getting old. On42lines between large cities, the problem is not too bad. These lines still make a profit and cash can be found to43 them. But on the country branch line, the story is different. As track wears out, it is not replaced. Instead speed limits are introduced, making journeys longer than necessary and discouraging customers.
If a bridge is dangerous, there is often only one thing for British Rail to do: go out and find money from another44. This is exactly what it did a few months ago when a bridge at Bridlington station was threatening to fail down. Repairs were45 at 200,000--just for one bridge--and British Rail was delighted, and rather surprised, when two local councils offered half that amount between them.
A. maintain
B. scenic
C. transcend
D. source
E. estimated
F. sake
G. complex
H.simply
I. consolidation
J. situated
K. respectively
L. total
M. major
N. restrained
O. scale
英格蘭鐵路主干線(xiàn)上海拔最高的火車(chē)站命懸一線(xiàn)：自從1970年正式關(guān)閉后，它已經(jīng)被廢棄，也沒(méi)人管理了。丹特火車(chē)站[36]坐落于高高的約克郡丘陵地區(qū)。每年夏天有六個(gè)周末，當(dāng)一班專(zhuān)門(mén)的包租火車(chē)將徒步者、游客以及[37]僅僅想去最高的火車(chē)站乘坐火車(chē)的人卸載到站臺(tái)上時(shí)，丹特火車(chē)站才會(huì)醒過(guò)來(lái)。
但是，即使是這種受限的存在方式也可能很快就會(huì)被終結(jié)。丹特火車(chē)站位于從賽特爾開(kāi)往卡萊爾的鐵路線(xiàn)上，該鐵路線(xiàn)據(jù)說(shuō)是英國(guó)風(fēng)景最[38]優(yōu)美的。然而，美麗的風(fēng)景卻無(wú)法使其幸免于英國(guó)國(guó)鐵的資金困難。今年，[39]由于經(jīng)濟(jì)原因，過(guò)去曾經(jīng)過(guò)丹特火車(chē)站的特快列車(chē)已經(jīng)改走其他路線(xiàn)了。
英國(guó)國(guó)鐵看不到這條鐵路線(xiàn)的未來(lái)，現(xiàn)在這已經(jīng)是人盡皆知的秘密了。它的多數(shù)火車(chē)不久前都已經(jīng)消失。一個(gè)世紀(jì)前，以宏大[40]規(guī)模興建的架橋也快倒塌了。這絕非個(gè)例。英國(guó)北部有六條鐵路線(xiàn)面臨著類(lèi)似的威脅。問(wèn)題在于一方面系統(tǒng)破舊不堪，而另一方面幾乎[41]完全沒(méi)有修理資金。架橋和隧道已老化，軌道的木支架正在腐爛，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)和車(chē)廂也日顯陳舊。
在大城市之間的[42]主干線(xiàn)上，問(wèn)題并不是太嚴(yán)重。這些鐵路線(xiàn)仍在盈利，能找到資金來(lái)[43]維護(hù)保養(yǎng)它們。但是，在鄉(xiāng)村支線(xiàn)上，情況就完全不同了。日益磨損的軌道并沒(méi)得到更換，反而實(shí)行了限速。這使得旅程不必要地延長(zhǎng)，也讓乘客沮喪。
如果架橋有危險(xiǎn)，英國(guó)國(guó)鐵要做的通常只有一件事：走出去，從另一個(gè)[44]渠道找資金。幾個(gè)月前，當(dāng)布里德靈頓火車(chē)站的一座橋搖搖欲墜時(shí)，英國(guó)國(guó)鐵就是這樣做的。據(jù)[45]估計(jì)，僅一座橋的修理費(fèi)就要20萬(wàn)英鎊——當(dāng)兩個(gè)地方議會(huì)提供一半的資金時(shí)，英國(guó)國(guó)鐵感到很欣喜并且十分驚訝。
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