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英語(yǔ)關(guān)系代詞which重要用法歸納

時(shí)間:2024-10-01 16:29:51 基礎(chǔ)英語(yǔ) 我要投稿
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英語(yǔ)關(guān)系代詞which重要用法歸納

  導(dǎo)語(yǔ):關(guān)系代詞which是英語(yǔ)?嫉恼Z(yǔ)法之一,下面YJBYS小編講解英語(yǔ)關(guān)系代詞which的重要用法,歡迎參考!

英語(yǔ)關(guān)系代詞which重要用法歸納

  ■關(guān)系代詞which只用于指事或物,不用于指人,它在定語(yǔ)從句中主要用作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。如:

  She was not on the train which arrived just now. 她不在剛才到達(dá)的那列火車上。(關(guān)系代詞which指train,在從句中用作主語(yǔ))

  He never got back the money which he had lent him. 他從未收回他曾借給他的那筆錢。(關(guān)系代詞which指money,在從句中用作賓語(yǔ))

  ■which用于引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句外,還可以引導(dǎo)非限制定語(yǔ)從句。如:

  The ship struck an iceberg, which tore a huge hole in her side. 船碰在一座冰山上,船幫被撞出一個(gè)大洞。

  She gave me this jumper, which she had knitted herself. 她送給我這件羊毛衫,這是她親手織的。

  This machine, which I have looked after for twenty years, is still working perfectly. 這臺(tái)機(jī)器我已經(jīng)照管了20年,現(xiàn)在仍然沒一點(diǎn)兒毛病。

  ■which有時(shí)也可用作定語(yǔ),尤其用于“介詞+which+名詞”這類結(jié)構(gòu)中,此時(shí)的which含有this或that的意味。如:

  He may be busy, in which case I’ll call later. 他可能忙,如若如此,我以后再來拜訪。

  I may have to work late, in which case I’ll telephone. 我可能得晚點(diǎn)下班,那樣我會(huì)打電話的。

  He lost his temper, at which point I decided to go home. 他發(fā)脾氣了,這時(shí)我就決定回家了。

  He was appointed Lord Chancellor, in which post he spent the rest of his life. 他被任命為大法官,在這個(gè)職位上度過了他的后半生。

  The postman comes at 6.30 in the morning, at which time I am usually fast asleep. 郵遞員早晨6點(diǎn)30分來,這個(gè)時(shí)候我通常還睡著大覺呢。

  It was derived from Posidonius, for which reason much of its information may well have been out of date. 它源于鮑森杜尼爾斯。由于這個(gè)原因,它的大部分信息很可能已經(jīng)過時(shí)。

  有時(shí)其前也可以沒有介詞。如:

  He is studying economics, which knoweledge is very important today. 他學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué),這種知識(shí)現(xiàn)今很重要。

  He spoke in Greek, which language I could only follow with difficulty. 他說希臘語(yǔ),我聽起來很吃力。

  ■ 關(guān)系代詞which有時(shí)可用于指人。原則上說,which用于指事物,不用于指人。但以下情況屬于例外:

  1. 用于在指人的名詞之后,指不強(qiáng)調(diào)性別的嬰兒:

  He was the last child which was born. 他是最后出生的孩子。(which指小孩)

  2. 當(dāng)不是指具體的某人,而是指人的屬性(如職業(yè)、身份、地位、職務(wù)、品質(zhì)、特征等)時(shí),則也用關(guān)系代詞 which而不用 who。如:

  They accused him of being a traitor, which he was. 他們指控他是叛徒,他真是叛徒。

  She talked like a native, which she hardly was. 她說起話來像是個(gè)本地人,其實(shí)她不見得是。

  ■ 在非常正式的文體中,代詞that后可以接一個(gè)修飾它的定語(yǔ)從句,這個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句通常用which來引導(dǎo)。如:

  They say the only real knowledge is that which can be measured. 據(jù)說唯一真實(shí)的知識(shí)是可以檢驗(yàn)的知識(shí)。

  在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中,that which通常用what來代替。如:

  We have that which (=what) we need. 我們需要的東西都有了。

  That which (=What) many people say is not always true. 很多人說的話并不表示一定是真的。

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