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英語語法過去完成時(shí)講解
過去完成時(shí):表示發(fā)生在過去的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作在前的那一個(gè),它表示句子中描述的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“過去的過去”。下面小編為您帶來英語語法過去完成時(shí)講解!
英語語法過去完成時(shí)講解
過去完成時(shí):表示發(fā)生在過去的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作在前的那一個(gè),它表示句子中描述的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去的過去。
基本形式:過去完成時(shí)由had+過去分詞構(gòu)成,因此無人稱變化
肯定式:I had/Id worked等
否定式:I had not/hadnt worked等
疑問式:had I worked等
否定疑問式:had I not/hadnt I worked等
時(shí)態(tài)用法:
1. 過去完成時(shí)是與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)相當(dāng)?shù)倪^去式:
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):Ann has just left.If you hurry youll catch her.(安剛剛走。如果你快一點(diǎn),就能追上她。)
過去完成時(shí):When I arrived Ann had just left.(我到的時(shí)候,安剛剛離開。)
但是,過去完成時(shí)不像現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)那樣限于表達(dá)未指明時(shí)間的動(dòng)作,因此可以說:He had left his case on the 4∶40 train.(他把手提箱丟在4點(diǎn)40分的火車上了。)
2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以和 since/for/always等詞連用,表示一個(gè)開始于過去并仍在繼續(xù)或剛剛結(jié)束的動(dòng):
英語語法過去完成時(shí)講解
(1)表示過去某一時(shí)刻之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作,常與由by,before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語連用
We had learned 5000 words by the end of last month.
到上個(gè)月底為止我已經(jīng)學(xué)了五千個(gè)單詞。
I had finished the composition before supper.
晚飯前我就已經(jīng)把作文寫完了。
(2)表示過去某一動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作,常與由when,before等連詞引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句連用
When I woke up it had already stopped raining.
我醒來的時(shí)候雨就已經(jīng)停了。
I hadnt learned any English before I came here.
我來這兒之前沒學(xué)過英語。
(3)用于賓語從句或間接引語中
I wondered who had taken the umbrella without permission.
我想知道誰不經(jīng)允許就把雨傘拿去。
He told me that he had passed the exam.
他告訴我他已通過考試。
(4)某些動(dòng)詞的過去完成時(shí)表示一個(gè)打算要做卻沒有做成的事。
I had intended to come over to see you last night, but someone called and I couldnt get away. 昨晚我本打算來看你,但有人來找,脫不開身。
We had hoped to catch the early bus, but found it was gone.
我們本來希望乘早班車,卻發(fā)現(xiàn)車已開了。
(5)用于表示與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件從句中
If you had come yesterday, you would have met him.
如果你昨天來的話,你就已經(jīng)見到他的面了。
She would have come if she hadn’t been so busy.
要不是這么忙的話,她就已經(jīng)來了。
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