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名落孫山成語(yǔ)講解（中英版）
導(dǎo)語(yǔ)：名落孫山指考試或選拔未被錄取，下面YJBYS小編講解成語(yǔ)名落孫山，歡迎參考!
The first paragraph 第一段
zài wǒɡuó sònɡcháo de shíhòu yǒu yíɡe mínɡjiào sūn shān de cáizǐ
在我國(guó)宋朝的'時(shí)候，有一個(gè)名叫孫山的才子，
tā wéirén búdàn yōumò érqiě hěn shànyú shuō xiàohuà
他為人不但幽默，而且很善于說(shuō)笑話(huà)，
suǒyǐ fùjìnde rén jiù ɡěitā qǔle yíɡe huájī cáizǐ de chuòhào
所以附近的人就給他取了一個(gè)“滑稽才子”的綽號(hào)。
In the Song Dynasty, there was a capable person named Sun Shan. He was not only humorous but also good at cracking jokes, so he was popular nicknamed "funny capable person".
The second paragraph 第二段
yòuyícì tā hé yíɡe tónɡxiānɡ de érzi yìtónɡ dào jīnɡchénɡ qù cānjiā jǔrén de kǎoshì
有一次，他和一個(gè)同鄉(xiāng)的兒子一同到京城，去參加舉人的考試。
fànɡbǎnɡ de shíhòu suīrán bèi lièzài bǎnɡwén de dàoshù dìyīmínɡ
放榜的時(shí)候，雖然被列在榜文的倒數(shù)第一名，
dàn rěnrǎn shì bǎnɡshànɡyǒumínɡ
但仍然是榜上有名，
ér nàwèi hé tā yìqǐqùde nàwèi tónɡxiānɡ de érzi què méiyǒu kǎoshànɡ
而那位和他一起去的`那位同鄉(xiāng)的兒子，卻沒(méi)有考上。
Once he went to the capital city with the son of one of his fellow villagers to take the imperial examinations at the provincial level. When the list of the successful candidates' names was posted up, though Sun Shan was the last on the list, the son of his fellow villager who came with him failed in the competitive examination.
The third paragraph 第三段
bùjiǔ sūn shān xiān huídào jiālǐ tónɡxiānɡ biàn lái wèntā érzi yǒuméiyǒu kǎoqǔ
不久，孫山先回到家里，同鄉(xiāng)便來(lái)問(wèn)他兒子有沒(méi)有考取。
sūn shān jì bùhǎoyìsi zhíshuō yòu búbiàn yǐnmán
孫山既不好意思直說(shuō)，又不便隱瞞，
yúshì jiù suíkǒu niànchū liǎnɡjù bùchénɡshī de shījù lái
于是，就隨口念出兩句不成詩(shī)的詩(shī)句來(lái)：
jièyuán jìnchū shì sūn shān xiánlánɡ ɡènɡzài sūn shān wài
“解元盡處是孫山，賢郎更在孫山外。”
jièyuán jiùshì zhōnɡɡuó kējǔ zhìdu suǒ ɡuīdìnɡ de jùrèn dìyīmínɡ
解元，就是中國(guó)科舉制度所規(guī)定的舉人第一名。
ér sūn shān zàishīlǐ suǒwèide jièyuán nǎishì fànzhǐ yìbān kǎoqǔ de jǔrén
而孫山在詩(shī)里所謂的'“解元”，乃是泛指一般考取的舉人。
tā zhèshǒushī quánbù de yìsi shì shuō
他這首詩(shī)全部的意思是說(shuō)：
jǔrén bǎnɡshànɡ de zuìhòu yìmínɡ shìwǒ sūn shān
“舉人榜上的最后一名是我孫山，
ér lìnɡlánɡ de mínɡzì háizài wǒ sūn shān de hòumiàn
而令郎的名字卻還在我孫山的后面。”
It was not long before Sun Shan went back to his home. His fellow villager came to ask if his son succeeded. Sun Shan found it difficult to tell the father directly nor did he want to withhold the truth, so he blurted out without thinking two verses: "at the end of the Xie Yuan list, there's Sun Shan, your son fell behind Sun Shan". "Xie Yuan" generally means the first candidate succeeding in the imperial examination but here in the poem of Sun Shan, it refers to the successful candidates in general. The meaning of his poem is:"Sun Shan is the last on the successful candidates list, but your son falls behind Sun Shan."
The fourth paragraph 第四段
cónɡcǐ rénmén biàn ɡēnjù zhèɡe ɡùshi
從此，人們便根據(jù)這個(gè)故事，
bǎ tóukǎo xuéxiào huò cānjiā ɡèzhǒnɡ kǎoshì méiyǒu bèi lùqǔ jiàozuò mínɡluòsūnshān
把投考學(xué)�；騾⒓痈鞣N考試，沒(méi)有被錄取，叫做“名落孫山”。
From this time on, people used this idiom to indicate failing in an examination or competition.
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