中醫(yī)的專(zhuān)業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)英文翻譯

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　　中國(guó)醫(yī)藥學(xué)：traditional Chinese medicine

　　中醫(yī)基礎(chǔ)理論:basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine

　　臨床經(jīng)驗(yàn):clinical experience

　　辨證論治:treatment based on syndrome differentiation

　　本草:materia medica //medicinal herbs

　　中藥Chinese herbs

　　四氣五味:four properties and five tastes

　　針灸acupuncture and moxibustion

　　各家學(xué)說(shuō)theories of different schools

　　汗法: diaphoresis /diaphoretic therapy

　　下法:purgative therapy

　　吐法:emetic therapy

　　補(bǔ)土派:school of invigorating the earth

　　病因?qū)W說(shuō):theory of etiology

　　養(yǎng)生:health-cultivation

　　醫(yī)療實(shí)踐medical practice

　　治療原則:therapeutic principles

　　寒涼藥物:herbs of cold and cool nature

　　滋陰降火:nourishing yin to lower fire

　　瘀血致病:disease caused by blood stasis

　　先天之精:congenital essence

　　氣的運(yùn)動(dòng)變化:movement and changes of qi

　　形與神俱:inseparability of the body and spirit

　　神明: spirit/mental activity

　　臟腑:zang-organs and fu-organs/viscera

　　功能活動(dòng):functional activities

　　形神統(tǒng)一:unity of the body and spirit

　　陰陽(yáng)失調(diào):imbalance of yin and yang

　　正邪相爭(zhēng):struggle between healthy qi and pathogenic factors

　　治未病prevention of disease

　　調(diào)養(yǎng) to cultivate health

　　正氣 healthy qi

　　病邪 pathogenic factor

　　疾病的防治 prevention and treatment of disease

　　整體觀(guān)念 concept of holism

　　五臟five zang-organs

　　六腑six fu-organs

　　經(jīng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)system of meridians and collaterals

　　形神統(tǒng)一unity of the body and spirit

　　有機(jī)整體organic wholeness

　　表里關(guān)系exterior and interior relation

　　開(kāi)竅opening into

　　生長(zhǎng)化收藏five element function

　　脈象pulse conditions

　　正邪關(guān)系the states of pathogenic factors and healthy qi

　　自然現(xiàn)象natural phenomena

　　哲學(xué)概念philosophical concept

　　對(duì)立統(tǒng)一unity and opposites

　　相互消長(zhǎng)mutual waning and waxing

　　陰陽(yáng)屬性nature of yin and yang

　　相互轉(zhuǎn)化mutual transformation

　　相互聯(lián)系interrelation

　　相互制約mutual restraint

　　動(dòng)態(tài)平衡dynamic balance

　　陰平陽(yáng)秘yin and yang in equilibrium

　　陽(yáng)消陰長(zhǎng) yang waning and yin waxing

　　陰勝則陽(yáng)病predominance of yin leading to disorder of yang

　　陽(yáng)勝則熱 predominance of yang generating heat

　　寒極生熱 extreme cold generating heat

　　熱極生寒extreme heat generating cold

　　相反相成 opposite and supplementary to each other

　　生理功能physiological functions

　　病理變化pathological changes

　　臨床診斷clinical diagnosis

　　有機(jī)整體organic wholeness/entirety

　　正邪斗爭(zhēng)struggle between healthy qi and pathogenic factors

　　絕對(duì)偏盛absolute predominance

　　陽(yáng)虛則寒yang deficiency leading to cold

　　陽(yáng)損及陰consumption of yang involving yin

　　陰液不足insufficiency of yin-fluid

　　病機(jī)pathogenesis

　　五行學(xué)說(shuō)theory of five elements

　　運(yùn)動(dòng)變化motion and variation

　　條達(dá)舒暢free development

　　相生相克mutual generation and restriction

　　生我我生to be generated and to generate

　　克我我克to be restricted and to restrict

　　生中有制restriction within generation

　　克中有生generation within restriction

　　木曰曲直Wood is characterized by growing freely and peripherally

　　火曰炎上Fire is characterized by flaming up

　　土曰稼穡Earth is characterized by cultivation and reaping

　　金曰從革Metal is characterized by change

　　水曰潤(rùn)下Water is characterized by moistening and downward flowing

　　方位配五行correspondence of the directions to the five elements

　　相乘相侮over-restriction and reverse restriction

　　土乘木The wood over-restrains the earth

　　土虛木乘 Earth deficiency leading to over-restriction by wood

　　金虛木侮metal deficiency leading to counter-restriction by wood

　　生克制化interrelationship between generation and restriction

　　制則生化restriction ensuring generation

　　傳變transmission of disease

　　母病及子disease of the mother-organ affecting the child-organ

　　子病犯母disease of the child-organ affecting the mother-organ

　　肝腎精血不足insufficiency of kidney and liver essence and blood

　　肝陽(yáng)上亢hyperactivity of liver yang

　　藏象學(xué)說(shuō) theory of visceral manifestations

　　五臟六腑 five zang-organs and six fu-organs

　　奇恒之府 extraordinary fu-organs

　　水谷精微 cereal nutrients

　　傳化水谷 transmissions and transformation of food

　　貯藏精氣 storage of essence

　　表里關(guān)系 interior and exterior relationship

　　治療效應(yīng) curative effect

　　臨床實(shí)踐 clinical practice

　　藏而不瀉 storage without excretion

　　心肝血虛deficiency of heart and liver blood

　　心肝火旺exuberance of heart and liver fire

　　心火亢盛exuberance of heart fire

　　滋腎養(yǎng)肝nourishing the kidney and liver

　　肝陰不足insufficiency of the liver yin

　　溫腎健脾warming the kidney and strengthening the spleen

　　腎陽(yáng)式微declination of kidney yang

　　脾陽(yáng)不振inactivation of spleen yang

　　肝旺脾虛hyperactivity of the liver and weakness of the spleen

　　脾胃虛弱weakness of the spleen and stomach

　　平肝和胃soothing the liver and harmonizing the stomach

　　水濕停聚retention of water-dampness

　　腎陰不足insufficiency of kidney yin

　　心腎不交disharmony between the heart and kidney

　　水火不濟(jì)discordance between water and fire

　　陰陽(yáng)俱損simultaneous consumption of yin and yang

　　陰陽(yáng)兩虛simultaneous deficiency of both yin and yang

　　損其有余reducing excess

　　補(bǔ)其不足supplementing insufficiency

　　陰中求陽(yáng)obtaining yang from yin

　　虛寒證deficiency-cold syndrome

　　扶陽(yáng)益火strengthening yang to increasing fire

　　祛風(fēng)散寒eliminating wind to dispersing cold

　　消導(dǎo)積滯promoting digestion and removing food retention

　　潛陽(yáng)息風(fēng)suppressing yang to quench wind

　　陰陽(yáng)的互根互用interdependence of yin and yang

　　相互依存interdependence

　　陰陽(yáng)離決separation of yin and yang

　　陰陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)化transformation between yin and yang

　　發(fā)熱惡寒fever and aversion to cold

　　頭身疼痛headache and body pain

　　感受濕邪the attack of dampness

　　清熱泄火cleaning away heat and reducing fire

　　腠理muscular interstices

　　水濕停滯retention of water and dampness

　　氣血運(yùn)行circulation of qi and blood

　　疾病的本質(zhì)與現(xiàn)象:nature and manifestations of disease

　　陰陽(yáng)的相對(duì)平衡:relative balance between yin and yang

　　疾病的發(fā)生與發(fā)展:occurrence and development of disease

　　同病異治:treating the same disease with different therapies

　　異病同治:treating different diseases with the same therapy

　　1、中國(guó)醫(yī)藥學(xué)有數(shù)千年的歷史，是中國(guó)人民長(zhǎng)期同疾病作斗爭(zhēng)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)總結(jié)。

　　TCM, a medical system with a history of thousands years，has summarized the experience of the Chinese people accumulating in the struggle against diseases、

　　2、中醫(yī)學(xué)在古代唯物論和辯證法思想的影響和指導(dǎo)下，通過(guò)長(zhǎng)期的醫(yī)療實(shí)踐，逐步形成并發(fā)展為獨(dú)特的醫(yī)學(xué)理論體系。

　　Under the influence and guidance of classical Chinese materialism and dialectics,tradition Chinese medicine has eventually evolved into a medical system with unique theory through long term medical practice、

　　3、中醫(yī)學(xué)是研究人體生理病理以及疾病的診斷和防治的一門(mén)科學(xué)。

　　Tradition Chinese medicine is a science focusing on the study of the physiology and pathology of the human body as well as the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of disease、

　　4、黃帝內(nèi)經(jīng)總結(jié)了春秋戰(zhàn)國(guó)以來(lái)的醫(yī)療成就和治療經(jīng)驗(yàn)，確立了中醫(yī)學(xué)獨(dú)特的理論體系，成為中醫(yī)藥學(xué)發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)。

　　The Huangdi’s Canon of Medicine has summed up the medical achievements and clinical experiences since the Spring-Autumn Period and Warring States ，establishing the unique theoretical system of TCM and laying the foundation for the development of TCM

　　5、難經(jīng)內(nèi)容十分豐富，補(bǔ)充了內(nèi)經(jīng)的不足，成為后世指導(dǎo)臨床實(shí)踐的理論基礎(chǔ)。

　　The Canon on Medical Problems is rich in content, supplementing what the Huangdi’s Canon of Medicine lacks and serving as the theoretical basis for the clinical practice of the latter generations

　　6、陰常有余，陽(yáng)常不足。

　　Yang is frequently in excess while yin is often in deficiency

　　7、溫病是研究四時(shí)溫病的發(fā)生發(fā)展規(guī)律以及其診治方法的一門(mén)臨床學(xué)科。

　　Epedemic febrile disease is a clinical specialty concentrating on the study of the occurrence , developing tendency , diagnosis and treatment of febrile diseases in the four seasons、

　　8、中醫(yī)在其長(zhǎng)期的發(fā)展過(guò)程中，形成了各家學(xué)說(shuō)In its long course of development, TCM has developed into various schools of theories、

　　9、內(nèi)傷脾胃，百病由生。

　　The interior impairment of the spleen and stomach would bring about the occurrence of various diseases、

　　10、中藥不但包含有草藥，而且包含有礦物藥和動(dòng)物藥等。

　　Chinese materia medica includes not only medicinal herbs but also minerals and animal parts、

　　1、中醫(yī)學(xué)在其形成過(guò)程中受到了古代唯物論和辯證法思想的深刻影響。

　　During the long course of its development and practice , tradition Chinese medicine has been under the influence of classical Chinese materialism and dialectics、

　　2、中醫(yī)學(xué)認(rèn)為，世界是物質(zhì)的，是陰陽(yáng)二氣相互作用的結(jié)果

　　Tradition Chinese medicine holds that the world is material and is the result of the interaction of yin and yang

　　3、天地合氣，命之曰人

　　The existence of human beings depends on the interaction between the celestial qi and terrestrial qi

　　4、中醫(yī)學(xué)認(rèn)為精氣是生命的本原物質(zhì)，這種精氣先身而生，具有遺傳性

　　According to tradition Chinese medicine, essence is the essential substance for life、 Such an essential substance exists prior to the formation of the body and is hereditary

　　5、父母之精氣相合，形成胚胎發(fā)育的原始物質(zhì)The combination of the parental essence is the primary substance for the formation of fetus

　　人體各組織器官共處于統(tǒng)一體中，不論在生理上還是在病理上都是相互聯(lián)系相互影響的All the tissues and organs in the human body are in a unity which associate with each other and influence each other both physiologically and pathologically

　　疾病是可以認(rèn)識(shí)的，也是可以防治的

　　Diseases are cognizable, preventable and curable、

　　治病必須抓住疾病的根本矛盾，即所謂的治病必求于本The treatment of disease must focus on the root cause、 That is what “the treatment of disease must concentrate on the principal aspect “ means

　　寒者熱之，熱者寒之，虛者補(bǔ)之，實(shí)者瀉之

　　Cold disease should be treated by warm therapy, while febrile disease should be treated by cold therapy, deficiency syndrome should be treated by supplementing therapy, while excess syndrome should be treated by purgative therapy

　　人是自然界的一個(gè)組成部分，并與自然界有著密切的聯(lián)系

　　Human being is one of the components in nature and keeps close relationship with nature

　　人的生命活動(dòng)過(guò)程就是人體陰陽(yáng)對(duì)立雙方在不斷地矛盾運(yùn)動(dòng)中取得統(tǒng)一的過(guò)程

　　The process of life activity is a course in which yin and yang in the human body realize unity after constant contradictory movement

　　1、中醫(yī)理論體系的基本特點(diǎn)就是整體觀(guān)念和辨證論治TCM is characterized by the concept of organic wholeness and treatment based on syndrome differentiation、

　　2、中醫(yī)學(xué)認(rèn)為人體是一個(gè)有機(jī)的整體

　　Tradition Chinese medicine holds that the human body is an organic whole、

　　3、人體各組成部分在功能上相互為用，在病理上相互影響The components of human body functionally depend on each other and pathologically affect each other

　　4、整體觀(guān)念貫穿于中醫(yī)生理病理診法辯證和治療的各個(gè)方面

　　The concept of holism permeates through all the fields in TCM, including physiology, pathology, diagnosis, syndrome differentiation and treatment、

　　5、人體某一局部區(qū)域內(nèi)的病理變化往往與全身臟腑氣血陰陽(yáng)的盛衰有關(guān)

　　The pathological changes in certain part or region of the human body are usually related to the conditions of viscera, qi and blood as well as yin and yang in the whole body

　　6、人體內(nèi)部臟腑的虛實(shí)氣血的盛衰和津液的盈虧都可呈現(xiàn)于舌The condition of the viscera, qi , blood and body fluid all can be manifested over the tongue

　　7、心開(kāi)竅于舌并與小腸相表里

　　The heart opens into the tongue and is exteriorly and interiorly related to the small intestine

　　8、人與天地相應(yīng)

　　The human beings are in correspondence with the universe

　　9、春夏脈多浮大，秋冬脈多沉小

　　In the spring and summer, the pulse appears floating and large, while in the autumn and winter, the pulse appears deep and small

　　10、人體陽(yáng)氣白天多趨于表，夜晚多趨于里

　　The yang-qi in the human body tends to flow in the exterior in daytime and in the interior at night

　　13、 Treatment based on syndrome differentiation is the basic principle for understanding and treating disease in TCM and also one of the basic characteristics of TCM、

　　14、 Syndrome is a pathological summarization of a disease at a certain stage of its development、

　　15、 Syndrome differentiation and disease treatment are two inseparable parts in diagnosing and treating disease、

　　16、 TCM emphasizes the differentiation of both disease and syndrome in understanding and treating disease、

　　1、陰陽(yáng)是中國(guó)古代哲學(xué)的一對(duì)范疇

　　Yin and yang are two categories in classical Chinese philosophy、

　　2、陰陽(yáng)的對(duì)立和消長(zhǎng)是宇宙的基本規(guī)律

　　The opposition and waning-waxing of yin and yang are the basic laws in the universe、

　　3、陰陽(yáng)是自然界相互關(guān)聯(lián)的某些事物和現(xiàn)象對(duì)立雙方的概括

　　Yin and yang refer to two opposite aspects of interrelated things or phenomena in the natural world、

　　4、世界是物質(zhì)性的整體，是陰陽(yáng)二氣對(duì)立統(tǒng)一的結(jié)果

　　The world is a material integrity and is the result of the unity of opposites of yin and yang、

　　5、宇宙間一切事物的發(fā)生、發(fā)展和變化都是陰陽(yáng)對(duì)立統(tǒng)一矛盾運(yùn)動(dòng)的結(jié)果

　　The occurrence development and changes of all things in the universe result from the unity and opposition between yin and yang、

　　6、陰陽(yáng)代表著相互對(duì)立又相互關(guān)聯(lián)的事物屬性Yin and yang represent the properties of things that are both opposite and related to each other、

　　7、天氣清輕故屬陽(yáng)，地氣重著故屬陰

　　The celestial is light and lucid and thus pertaining to yang while the terrestrial qi is heavy and lucid and therefore pertaining to yin、

　　8、陽(yáng)化氣，陰成形

　　Yang transforms qi while yin shapes into configuration、

　　9、陰陽(yáng)相互制約的過(guò)程就是相互消長(zhǎng)的過(guò)程

　　The process of mutual restriction between yin and yang signifies the course of waning and waxing between yin and yang、

　　10、陽(yáng)依存于陰，陰依存于陽(yáng)，每一方都以其相對(duì)的另一方的存在為自己的存在前提

　　Yin and yang depend on each other、 Neither can exist in isolation、

　　1、人生有形，不離陰陽(yáng)

　　Man has a physical shape which is inseparable from yin and yang、

　　2、對(duì)于人體的生理功能，中醫(yī)學(xué)也是用陰陽(yáng)學(xué)說(shuō)加以概括說(shuō)明

　　TCM explains and summarizes that the physiological functions of human body according to the theory of yin and yang

　　3、功能屬于陽(yáng)，物質(zhì)屬于陰Function pertains to yang while substance to yin、

　　4、如果陰陽(yáng)不能相互為用而分離，人的生命也就終止了The separation of yin and yang will lead to the end of life

　　5、陰陽(yáng)的協(xié)調(diào)平衡是健康的表現(xiàn)

　　The balance and harmony of yin and yang are the manifestations of health、

　　6、無(wú)論疾病的病理變化如何復(fù)雜，都不外乎陰陽(yáng)的偏盛偏衰

　　No matter how complicated the pathogenic changes of diseases are,, they all can be included in the predominance or decline of yin and yang、

　　7、邪氣泛指各種致病因素

　　The pathogenic factors refer to various factors that bring about disease、

　　8、正氣指整個(gè)機(jī)體的結(jié)構(gòu)與功能，包括人體對(duì)疾病的抵抗力等

　　Healthy qi refer to the structure and functions of the human body including the resistance against disease、

　　9、陰虛則內(nèi)熱，陽(yáng)虛則外寒

　　Asthenia of yin leads to heat in the interior while asthenia of yang brings about cold in the exterior、

　　10、機(jī)體陰或陽(yáng)的任何一方虛損到一定程度，必然導(dǎo)致另一方的不足。

　　If asthenia of yin or yang in the body develops to a certain degree, it will inevitably leads to insufficiency of the other side、

　　木火土金水是不可缺少的五種最基本物質(zhì)

　　Wood fire earth metal and water are the most essential and indispensable materials、

　　任何事物都不是孤立的、靜止的，而是在不斷的相生相克的運(yùn)動(dòng)中維持著協(xié)調(diào)平衡

　　Nothing in the world is solitary and static、 In fact everything in the universe maintains harmonic balance through constant mutual generation and restriction、

　　中醫(yī)理論體系在形成過(guò)程中，受到古代五行學(xué)說(shuō)的深刻影響

　　The theoretical system of TCM has been under the influence of classical theories of the five elements、

　　五行理論主要用以分析各種事物的五行屬性，也是研究事物之間相互聯(lián)系的基本法則The theory of five elements is mainly used to analyze the properties of the five elements of various things according to the five elements and study the basic law of the inter-relation between things、

　　水具有滋潤(rùn)和向下的特性

　　Water is characterized by moistening and downward flowing、

　　火具有溫?zé)嵘仙奶匦?/p>

　　Fire is characterized by flaming upward、

　　肝主升而歸屬于木

　　Since the liver functions to ascend, it pertains to wood、

　　心陽(yáng)主溫煦而歸屬于火

　　Since the heart yang functions to warm, it pertains to fire、

　　脾主運(yùn)化而歸屬于土

　　Since the spleen functions to transform and transport, it pertains to earth、

　　肺主降而歸屬于金

　　Since the lung functions to descend, it pertains to metal、