英美議會(huì)制度比較研究

畢業(yè)論文

A Comparative Research on the System of Parliament
Between Britain and America
Abstract

The British Parliament was the model of the American parliament for painting. Both two countries act and form parliamentarisms with their own characteristics according to respective historical conditions. The British Parliament is gradually developed by its own several-hundred-year historical tradition, filled with historical characteristics. America has carried British tradition on the colony time, and also based on the Social Contract Theory, the National Sovereignty Theory, the Natural Rights Theory and so on, so it has its own characteristics and establishes the parliamentarism which is more plentiful. In this thesis, according to the retrospection of two parliaments’ developing processes and the analysis of differences between two parliaments and reasons for the differences. It aims at helping us better know the countries with representative system and guard our rights in these countries.

Key Words: Britain; America; parliamentarism; history; relation; differences

摘 要

英國(guó)議會(huì)為美國(guó)議會(huì)的范本，而兩國(guó)根據(jù)各自的歷史條件又形成了各自獨(dú)具的特點(diǎn)。英國(guó)議會(huì)是由自身幾百年的歷史傳統(tǒng)逐漸發(fā)展而來(lái)，其本身充滿著英國(guó)的歷史特色。美國(guó)則承襲了殖民地時(shí)期母國(guó)（英國(guó)）的議會(huì)制傳統(tǒng)，又以資產(chǎn)階級(jí)啟蒙思想家社會(huì)契約論、國(guó)家主權(quán)說(shuō)、天賦人權(quán)等為理論指導(dǎo)，創(chuàng)立了更為豐滿且獨(dú)具自身特點(diǎn)的議會(huì)制度。本文通過(guò)對(duì)英美兩國(guó)議會(huì)制度各自的發(fā)展歷程的回顧，對(duì)兩者間的不同及其原因進(jìn)行分析，使人們加深對(duì)代議制國(guó)家的認(rèn)識(shí)或更好地保障自身在該國(guó)的權(quán)益。

關(guān)鍵詞：英國(guó)、美國(guó)、議會(huì)制度、歷史、聯(lián)系、不同

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