詳析雅思閱讀難句中的分隔結(jié)構(gòu)
導(dǎo)語(yǔ)：雅思閱讀當(dāng)中有很多長(zhǎng)句難句，下面YJBYS小編詳析雅思閱讀難句中的分隔結(jié)構(gòu)，歡迎參考!
英語(yǔ)的難句=主句+從句+短語(yǔ)，不同于漢語(yǔ)的句子全是簡(jiǎn)單句，沒(méi)有復(fù)雜句。如果把英語(yǔ)的難句比喻成大樹，那么主句相當(dāng)于樹干，從句相當(dāng)于樹枝，而短語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于葉子。只要把握主句，就可理解大意。相比之下，漢語(yǔ)的句子就好比是竹子，一節(jié)一節(jié)的。
因此，我們?cè)诶斫庥⒄Z(yǔ)難句的時(shí)候要學(xué)會(huì)“拆”——把復(fù)雜句拆成簡(jiǎn)單句來(lái)理解。也就是說(shuō)，要學(xué)會(huì)抓住“樹干”，拆掉“枝葉”。
閱讀難句：分隔結(jié)構(gòu)
1. Evening had now come, the last of Adolf Hitler’s life.
2. We live in a time when, more than ever before in history, people are moving about.
3. Several neighbors hope to find safety in the only bomb shelter on their street when an announcement comes over the radio that enemy missiles are approaching.
4. The willingness to recognize the value of these newer “unscientific” ways of doing science may be another instance of the human ability to adapt and survive, of which we spoke earlier.
5. It is an activity you turn to for pleasure, not something that you have to do, like helping with the dishes.
6. The tour races of France and Italy, held each year, cover more than 2,000 miles.
7. While I was waiting to enter university, I saw advertised in a local newspaper a teaching post at a school in a suburb of London about ten miles from where I lived.
8. The second aspect is the application by all members of society from the government official to the ordinary citizen, of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their work.
9. I launched into a variation of the speech I had made for years, about how excessive tax rates can take away the incentive to produce, and how cutting taxes can generate growth.
10. Even his critics say the Ames test – his simple, inexpensive laboratory procedure that helps determine whether a substance might cause cancer – is a remarkable achievement.
11. The cessation(停止) of the employment of extraordinary means to prolong the life of the body when there is irrefutable evidence that biological death is imminent(即將來(lái)臨的) is the decision of the patient and/or her immediate family.
12. Although her characters were portrayed(描繪) in many settings and situations, they all reflected, by the often tragic outcome of their lives, her profound conviction that no human could be happy if that happiness was rooted in the wretchedness(悲傷，痛苦) of another.
13. I plan to see her soon in England, though not, she reminded me, again at 10 Downing Street.
1. Evening had now come, (the last of Adolf Hitler’s life).
結(jié)構(gòu)：只有1個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：had come，分隔了主語(yǔ)evening和它的同位語(yǔ)(the last of Adolf Hitler’s life)。(the last of Adolf Hitler’s life)由于較長(zhǎng)，所以放在了后面。本句的原型是：Evening, (the last of Adolf Hitler’s life), had now come.
翻譯：阿道夫.希特勒生命中的最后一個(gè)夜晚已經(jīng)來(lái)臨了。
2. We live in a time when, (more than ever before in history), people are moving about.
結(jié)構(gòu)：共有2個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，主句的是live。(more than ever before in history)分隔了定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞when和people are moving about。拆分為：
1) We live in a time.
2) In a time people are moving about (more than ever before in history).
翻譯：在我們生活的時(shí)代中，人們四處奔波的程度遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)歷史上的任何時(shí)期。
3. Several neighbors hope to find safety in the only bomb shelter on their street when an announcement comes over the radio that enemy missiles are approaching.
結(jié)構(gòu)：共有3個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，主句的是hope。that引導(dǎo)的.是an announcement的同位語(yǔ)從句，原型是an announcement that enemy missiles are approaching comes over the radio。但是，由于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞太短，造成頭重腳輕，所以同位語(yǔ)從句被放到了后面。拆分為：
1) Several neighbors hope to find … on their street.
2) When an announcement comes over the radio.
3) That enemy missiles are approaching.
翻譯：當(dāng)電臺(tái)里面宣布敵人的導(dǎo)彈襲來(lái)的時(shí)候，有幾個(gè)鄰居希望能在街上唯一的避彈所里找到藏身之處。
4. The willingness to recognize the value of these newer “unscientific” ways of doing science may be another instance of the human ability to adapt and survive, of which we spoke earlier.
結(jié)構(gòu)：共有2個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，主句的是may be。主干是The willingness…may be another instance…。of which引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾the human ability，被to adapt and survive分隔。
1) The willingness to recognize the value of these newer “unscientific” ways of doing science may be another instance of the human ability to adapt and survive.
2) We spoke of the human ability.
翻譯：認(rèn)識(shí)到從事科學(xué)工作的一些更新穎的、“非科學(xué)”方法的價(jià)值的愿望，也許是我們?cè)缦忍岬竭^(guò)的人類所具有的適應(yīng)能力和生存能力的另一個(gè)例子。
5. It is an activity you turn to for pleasure, not something that you have to do, like helping with the dishes.
結(jié)構(gòu)：共有3個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，主句的是is。主干為It is an activity…, not something…。 you turn to for pleasure是一個(gè)省略了that的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾activity。修飾something的定語(yǔ)從句that you have to do分隔了something和它的另一個(gè)定語(yǔ)like helping with the dishes。拆分為：
1) It is an activity.
2) You turn to the activity for pleasure.
3) You have to do something.
翻譯：這是一種你尋求快樂(lè)的活動(dòng)，而非像幫人刷盤子那樣的一些你不得不作的事情。
6. The tour races of France and Italy, (held each year), cover more than 2,000 miles.
結(jié)構(gòu)：只有1個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。過(guò)去分詞(held each year)作為the tour races的定語(yǔ)，被另一個(gè)定語(yǔ)of France and Italy分隔。當(dāng)一個(gè)名詞或代詞后面同時(shí)接有兩個(gè)以上的定語(yǔ)，或者名詞或代詞后面的定語(yǔ)被其他成分(例如狀語(yǔ)，插入語(yǔ)，同位語(yǔ)等)隔開(kāi)時(shí)，稱為“分割定語(yǔ)”。例如：The man in old age who can see his life in this way will not suffer from the pain of death. in old age分隔了the man的定語(yǔ)從句。
翻譯：環(huán)法國(guó)和意大利的巡回賽每年舉行，其行程長(zhǎng)達(dá)2,000多英里。
7. While I was waiting to enter university, I saw (advertised in a local newspaper) a teaching post at a school in a suburb of London about ten miles from where I lived.
結(jié)構(gòu)：共有3個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，主句的是saw。主句的原型是I saw a teaching post (advertised in a local newspaper) at a school in a suburb of London…。(advertised in a local newspaper)也是a teaching post的定語(yǔ)，但是分隔了saw和a teaching post。之所以把(advertised in a local newspaper)提到a teaching post之前，是因?yàn)橹骶涞脑椭�，a teaching post的后置定語(yǔ)太長(zhǎng)，容易造成理解上的混亂。
翻譯：當(dāng)我等待進(jìn)入大學(xué)期間，我看到當(dāng)?shù)氐囊患覉?bào)紙上登著一個(gè)教師職位的招聘廣告，其所在的學(xué)校位于倫敦郊區(qū)，而那個(gè)地方離我的住處有大約10英里的路程。
8. The second aspect is the application (by all members of society from the government official to the ordinary citizen), of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their work.
結(jié)構(gòu)：共有2個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，主句的是is。(by all members of society from the government official to the ordinary citizen)分隔了the application和它的定語(yǔ)of the special methods…。that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾the special methods。拆分為：
1) The second aspect is the application…of the special methods of thought and action.
2) Scientists use the special methods of thought and action in their work.
翻譯：第二個(gè)方面是社會(huì)的全體成員，從政府官員到普通公民，都要使用科學(xué)家在他們的工作中所使用的那些特殊的思考和行動(dòng)的方法。
9. I launched into a variation of the speech I had made for years, about how excessive tax rates can take away the incentive to produce, and how cutting taxes can generate growth.
結(jié)構(gòu)：共有4個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，主句的是launched into。I had made for years是省略了that的定語(yǔ)從句，分隔了the speech和about。about后面是兩個(gè)并列的賓語(yǔ)從句。拆分為：
1) I launched into a variation of the speech about...
2) I had made the speech for years.
3) How excessive tax rates can take away the incentive to produce.
4) How cutting taxes can generate growth.
翻譯：我做了一次與幾年前內(nèi)容不同的演講，談的是關(guān)于過(guò)高的稅率會(huì)如何挫傷生產(chǎn)的積極性，以及減稅如何能夠促進(jìn)發(fā)展。
10. Even his critics say the Ames test – his simple, inexpensive laboratory procedure that helps determine whether a substance might cause cancer – is a remarkable achievement.
結(jié)構(gòu)：共有4個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，主句的是say。his simple, inexpensive laboratory procedure…是一個(gè)很長(zhǎng)的同位語(yǔ)，分隔了賓語(yǔ)從句中的the Ames test和is a remarkable achievement。拆分為：
1) Even his critics say.
2) The Ames test is a remarkable achievement.
3) His simple, inexpensive laboratory procedure helps determine.
4) Whether a substance might cause cancer.
翻譯：甚至連他的批評(píng)者都說(shuō)愛(ài)姆茲試驗(yàn)是一項(xiàng)非凡的成就。這種試驗(yàn)是一種簡(jiǎn)單而又廉價(jià)的實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程，卻有助于確定某一種物質(zhì)是否能夠造成癌癥。
11. The cessation(停止) of the employment of extraordinary means to prolong the life of the body when there is irrefutable evidence that biological death is imminent(即將來(lái)臨的) is the decision of the patient and/or her immediate family.
結(jié)構(gòu)：共有3個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，主句的是第三個(gè)is。主干是The cessation…is the decision…，但是主語(yǔ)與系動(dòng)詞之間被長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的定語(yǔ)of the employment…所分隔。that引導(dǎo)evidence的同位語(yǔ)從句。拆分為：
1) The cessation of the employment of extraordinary means to prolong the life of the body is the decision of the patient and/or her immediate family.
2) When there is irrefutable evidence.
3) That biological death is imminent.
翻譯：當(dāng)有確鑿的證據(jù)證明病人即將進(jìn)入生物死亡時(shí)，停止采用非常規(guī)手段來(lái)延長(zhǎng)其生命的決定，應(yīng)該由病人和(或)其直系親屬做出。
12. Although her characters were portrayed(描繪) in many settings and situations, they all reflected, (by the often tragic outcome of their lives), her profound conviction that no human could be happy if that happiness was rooted in the wretchedness(悲傷，痛苦) of another.
結(jié)構(gòu)：共有4個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，主句的是reflected。(by the often tragic outcome of their lives)分隔了reflected和它的賓語(yǔ)her profound conviction。that引導(dǎo)了her profound conviction的同位語(yǔ)從句。拆分為：
1) Although her characters were portrayed(描繪) in many settings and situations.
2) The all reflected her profound conviction.
3) That no human could be happy.
4) If that happiness was rooted in the wretchedness of another.
翻譯：雖然她描繪出的角色出現(xiàn)在各種背景和情節(jié)當(dāng)中，但是由于這些角色經(jīng)常都是以悲劇而告終，因此他們都能反映出她深深地相信，如果把快樂(lè)建立在別人的痛苦之上，那么沒(méi)有人會(huì)真的快樂(lè)。
13. I plan to see her soon in England, though not, (she reminded me), again at 10 Downing Street.
結(jié)構(gòu)：共有2個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，主句的是plan。(she reminded me)是分隔結(jié)構(gòu)。Though實(shí)際上引導(dǎo)了一個(gè)省略的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，其原型是though (it will) not (be) again at 10 Downing Street。拆分為：
1) I plan to see her soon in England.
2) Though (it will) not (be) again at 10 Downing Street.
3) She reminded me.
翻譯：我打算很快在英國(guó)見(jiàn)到她，雖然她提醒我地點(diǎn)將不再是在唐寧街10號(hào)了。
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