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大學(xué)英語(yǔ)必考語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)
導(dǎo)語(yǔ):大學(xué)英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)法比高中時(shí)代學(xué)得更深入了,考點(diǎn)也有所改變,下面是小編收集整理的大學(xué)英語(yǔ)必考語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn),歡迎參考!
1.as...as...引導(dǎo)的比較級(jí):
(1)“as +形容詞或副詞原級(jí)+ as+被比較對(duì)象”結(jié)構(gòu)。例句: He studies as hard as you. 他像你一樣學(xué)習(xí)努力。
(2)在否定句或疑問(wèn)句中可用 not so…as…. 例句:He can not run so/as fast as you. 他沒(méi)你跑得快。
2.only引導(dǎo)的倒裝句型:only +狀語(yǔ) (或狀語(yǔ)從句)位于句首時(shí),句子部分倒裝。
例句: Only by diligence and honesty can one succeed in life. 只有勤奮、正直,一個(gè)人在生活中才能成功。
注意:但 only修飾主語(yǔ)時(shí),不倒裝。例句: Only that girl knew how to work out the problem. 只有那位女生知道怎樣解那道題。
3.wish引導(dǎo)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣:wish 后面的從句,當(dāng)表示與事實(shí)相反的情況,或表示將來(lái)不太可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望時(shí),其賓語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)詞形式為:
(1)表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬:從句動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式或過(guò)去進(jìn)行式表示,be 的過(guò)去式用were.
I wish I knew the answer to the question. 我希望知道這個(gè)問(wèn)題的答案。(可惜不知道。)
(2)表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬:從句動(dòng)詞用had +過(guò)去分詞。
I wish (that) I hadn’t wasted so much time. 我后悔不該浪費(fèi)這么多時(shí)間。( 實(shí)際上已經(jīng)浪費(fèi)掉了。)
(3)表示對(duì)將來(lái)的主觀愿望:謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式為“would/ should/ could/ might +動(dòng)詞原形”。在這種情況下,主句的主語(yǔ)與從句的主語(yǔ)不能相同,因?yàn)橹骶涞闹髡Z(yǔ)所期望的從句動(dòng)作能否實(shí)現(xiàn),取決于從句主語(yǔ)的態(tài)度或意愿(非動(dòng)作名詞除外) 。
I wish it would stop raining. 但愿雨能停止。
注意:若wish 后的賓語(yǔ)從句中用 would,可以表示請(qǐng)求,通常意味著說(shuō)話人的不快或不滿。
例句:I wish you would be quiet. 我希望你安靜一些。
4.it形式賓語(yǔ):和it 作形式主語(yǔ)一樣, 我們常用it 來(lái)作形式賓語(yǔ), 把真正的賓語(yǔ)從句放在句末, 這種情況尤其出現(xiàn)在帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的句子中。
例句:He has made it clear that he will not give in. 他表明他不會(huì)屈服。
5.The+比較級(jí),the+比較級(jí) 表示“越.....越......"
例句:The more scared we are, the stronger the difficulty will become。我們?cè)胶ε吕щy,困難就會(huì)變得越強(qiáng)大。
6.as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句
在as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中,連接代詞as在句子中可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)等,可以指人或物。其在定語(yǔ)從句中的位置比較靈活,即可以在句子 前面,在句子中間或句子末尾。常用的結(jié)構(gòu)有:as we all know; as is well known to…; as is often the case; as is said/mentioned above; as has been said before; as I told you before; as is evident; as often happens; as can be seen; as is/was expected; as we expect; as I can remember等。
7.which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句
which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句既可以指整個(gè)句子內(nèi)容,也可以指句子的部分內(nèi)容(如單詞或詞組等),在句子中可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)(動(dòng)詞或介詞 的)、定語(yǔ)等。注意它在句子中的位置:只能放在主句后,不能放在主句前。表達(dá)的內(nèi)容是"不好的"、"事先沒(méi)有預(yù)料到的"等時(shí),常用which,只指物。
as, though, although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。
[注意]although位于句首;though位于句首或句中;as位于句中=though。它的詞序是把句中強(qiáng)調(diào)的形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞或名詞放在連詞前。
拓展:大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)語(yǔ)法必考語(yǔ)法知識(shí)講解
1) It is demanded / necessary / a pity + that…結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用should 加動(dòng)詞原形, should 可省略。
句型:
(1)suggested It is
(2)important that…+ (should) do
(3) a pity
(1)suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted; + (should) do
(2)important, necessary, natural, strange
a pity, a shame, no wonder
(3)It is suggested that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
It is necessary that he (should) come to our meeting tomorrow.
2)在賓語(yǔ)從句中的應(yīng)用
在表示命令、建議、要求等一類動(dòng)詞后面的從句中。
order, suggest, propose, require, demand, request, insist, command, insist + (should) do
I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
He insisted that he (should ) be sent there.
注意: 如suggest, insist不表示"建議" 或"堅(jiān)持要某人做某事時(shí)",即它們用于其本意"暗示、表明"、"堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為"時(shí),賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)氣。
The guard at gate insisted that everybody obey the rules.
判斷改錯(cuò):
(錯(cuò)) You pale face suggests that you (should) be ill.
(對(duì)) Your pale face suggests that you are ill.
(錯(cuò)) I insisted that you ( should) be wrong.
(對(duì)) I insisted that you were wrong.
3)在表語(yǔ)從句,同位語(yǔ)從句中的應(yīng)用
在suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice等名詞后面的表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,即(should)+動(dòng)詞原形。
My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference.
I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
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