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商務(wù)英語(yǔ)郵件之易混淆詞匯辨析
導(dǎo)語(yǔ)：英語(yǔ)中有很多容易混淆的詞匯，千萬(wàn)不要在商務(wù)英語(yǔ)郵件中出現(xiàn)哦，你的形象會(huì)給對(duì)方大打折扣哦。下面是yjbys小編整理的商務(wù)英語(yǔ)郵件之易混淆詞匯辨析，歡迎參考!
Part One
1. affect vs effect
兩個(gè)“影響”辨析
Affect and effect are two words that are commonly confused. Affect is usually a verb (action); effect is usually a noun (thing).
Affect和effect這兩個(gè)詞語(yǔ)經(jīng)常被混淆。Affect通常用作動(dòng)詞，表示某種行為，而effect常用作名詞，表示某事。
Hint: If it's something you're going to do, use "affect." If it's something you've already done, use "effect."
提示：如果某事是你正打算要去做的，那么用affect;如果某事是你已經(jīng)做完了的，那么就用effect。
To affect something or someone.
“影響”某事或某人
Example 1: The noise outside affected my performance.
例1：外面的噪音影響了我的發(fā)揮。
Example 2: Staying away so long from office will affect promotion.
例2：長(zhǎng)期離職會(huì)影響晉級(jí)。
The use of "effect" as a verb is what causes the most confusion between these two words.
effect用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，最容易和affect造成混淆。
To have an effect on something or someone.
對(duì)某事或某人有“影響”
Note: effect is followed by the preposition on and preceded by an article (an, the)
注意：effect前面一般要有冠詞a/the，effect后面通常要加介詞on。
Example 1: His smile had a strange effect on me.
例1：他的笑容對(duì)我有一種奇怪的影響。
Example 2: Parents worry about the effect of music on their adolescent's behavior.
例2：家長(zhǎng)們擔(dān)心音樂(lè)對(duì)于其青少年子女行為的影響。
2. some time / sometime vs sometimes
一段時(shí)間、某時(shí)和有時(shí)的辨析
Some time means a period of time.
Some time表示一段時(shí)間。
Example 1: The government still has sufficient instruments and still some time to move on this question.
例1：政府仍然有足夠的工具和時(shí)間來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題。
Example 2: I think Jenny and I need some time right now anyway.
例2：反正我和珍妮需要一點(diǎn)時(shí)間。
Sometime indicates a time in the future or the past which is not known or not stated.
Sometime表示未來(lái)或者過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間，而這個(gè)時(shí)間目前還未知或者沒(méi)有表述清楚。
Example 1: They hoped to meet up sometime.
例1：他們希望能找個(gè)時(shí)間見(jiàn)個(gè)面。
Example 2: The sales figures won't be released until sometime next month.
例2：銷售數(shù)據(jù)要到下個(gè)月的某個(gè)時(shí)候才會(huì)公布。
Sometimes means on some occasions but not always or often.
Sometimes指的是有時(shí)，但并不經(jīng)常，表示頻率。
Example 1: During the summer, my skin sometimes gets greasy.
例1：夏天我的皮膚有時(shí)會(huì)變得愛(ài)出油。
Example 2: I differed with my partner sometimes,but we usually agree.
例2：我有時(shí)與我的`伙伴爭(zhēng)論，但我們通常是一致的。
3.e.g vs i.e
例如”和“也就是”的辨析
e.g. stands for exempli gratia = for example.
e.g.是拉丁語(yǔ)exempli gratia的簡(jiǎn)寫，表示“例如”，用于舉例說(shuō)明。
Example: "I like fast cars, e.g. Ferrari and Porche".
例句：我喜歡跑車，比如法拉利和保時(shí)捷。
In the sentence above you are simply giving an example of the kinds of cars you like - Ferraris and Porches.
在上述例句中，e.g.后要加你喜歡的車子的類型，即法拉利和保時(shí)捷。
i.e. stands for id est = that is (in explanation).
i.e.是拉丁語(yǔ)id est的簡(jiǎn)寫，表示“也就是、即”的意思，用于解釋說(shuō)明。
Example: "I like fast cars, i.e. any car that can go over 150mph."
例句：我喜歡跑車，也就是時(shí)速超過(guò)150英里的車子。
In this second sentence you are giving an explanation of what you consider to be fast.
在第二句例句中，i.e.后是對(duì)跑車的說(shuō)明，即你認(rèn)為的跑車是多快的車子。
Part Two
1.raise vs rise
raise和rise的辨析
When used as a verb they both have the same general meaning of "to move upwards", the main difference is that rise is an intransitive verb (it does not take an object), while raise is a transitive verb (it requires an object):
當(dāng)raise和rise做動(dòng)詞用時(shí)，兩者都有“抬高、提升”的意思，其區(qū)別在于rise是不及物動(dòng)詞(后面不加賓語(yǔ))，而raise是及物動(dòng)詞(后面要加賓語(yǔ))。
rise (v) Something rises by itself
rise(動(dòng)詞)，自動(dòng)升起
Example 1: The sun rises in the east.
例1：太陽(yáng)從東方升起。
Example 2: Luther rose slowly from the chair.
例2：盧瑟慢慢從椅子上站起身來(lái)。
Example 3: I will rise tomorrow morning at 6 a.m. to walk the dog.
例3：我明天早上要6點(diǎn)起來(lái)去遛狗。
Rise is an irregular verb: rise / rose / risen
rise是一個(gè)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞，其變化形式是rise/rose/risen。
raise (v) Something else is needed to raise something.
Raise(動(dòng)詞)，把某物舉起
Example 1: Linda raised her hand.
例1：琳達(dá)舉起了手。
Example 2: The government is going to raise taxes.
例2：政府要加稅。
Example 3: He raised himself into a sitting position.
例3：他起身坐了起來(lái)。
Raise is a regular verb: raise / raised / raised
raise是規(guī)則動(dòng)詞，其變化形式是raise/raised/raised。
2. Assume vs know vs think
assume、know和think的辨析
To assume is a regular verb that means to suppose something to be the true, but without proof.
Assume是一個(gè)規(guī)則動(dòng)詞，意思是假設(shè)某事是真的.，但并沒(méi)有真憑實(shí)據(jù)。
Example: I assume you're here to learn English.
例句：我假設(shè)你來(lái)這里是來(lái)學(xué)英語(yǔ)的。
To know is an irregular verb that means to be absolutely certain or sure about something, usually through observation, inquiry, or information.
Know是一個(gè)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞，意思是完全確信、肯定某事，通常是通過(guò)觀察、詢問(wèn)或各種信息得出的結(jié)果。
Example: I know I should practise English every day, but I never seem to have the time.
例句：我知道我應(yīng)該每天練習(xí)英語(yǔ)，但我似乎從來(lái)都找不到時(shí)間來(lái)這么做。
To think is an irregular verb that means to have a particular opinion, belief, or idea about someone or something.
Think是一個(gè)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞，意思是對(duì)某人或某事有一種特別的觀點(diǎn)、信念或想法。
Example: I think English is a global language.
例句：我認(rèn)為英語(yǔ)是一種全球通用語(yǔ)。
Note - If you need to remember which one to use, memorise this sentence: Why do some people assume they know what other people think about something?
提示：如果你想記住這三個(gè)詞的區(qū)別的話，記住下面這個(gè)例句就行了：為什么有些人自認(rèn)為他們知道別人在想些什么?
3. overtake vs takeover (take over)
overtake、takeover和take over的辨析
Overtake is a verb. It can mean to go beyond something by being better, or if you're driving to come from behind another vehicle or a person and move in front of it.
Overtake是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，意思是通過(guò)變得更好從而超過(guò)某物，或者指開(kāi)車時(shí)的超車，也可以指趕上某人，來(lái)到某人的前面。
Example: You should always check your rear view mirror before you overtake another car.
例句：在你超車前，你應(yīng)該要查看一下后視鏡。
Takeover as a noun is used when one organisation gains control of a company by buying most of its shares.
Takover是一個(gè)名詞，用來(lái)指某個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)通過(guò)購(gòu)買另一個(gè)公司的大部分股份從而掌管了該公司。
Example: In September 2006 Merck announced their takeover of Serono SA.
例句：2006年9月，Merck公司宣布收購(gòu)Serono SA。
Take over as a phrasal verb means to get control of a company by buying most of its shares.
Take over是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞詞組，意思也是通過(guò)購(gòu)買某一個(gè)公司的大部分股份從而掌管了該公司，即收購(gòu)。
Example: Merck finally took Serono over in 2007.
例句：Merck公司于2007年最終收購(gòu)了Serono公司。
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