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三級(jí)筆譯實(shí)務(wù)試題解析
英語(yǔ)三級(jí)筆譯要求具有基本的科學(xué)文化知識(shí)和一般的雙語(yǔ)互譯能力，能完成一般的翻譯工作。下面是小編分享的實(shí)務(wù)題解析，希望能幫到大家!
2014年catti三級(jí)筆譯實(shí)務(wù)試題
一、English-Chinese Translation (本大題1小題.每題50.0分，共50.0分。Translate the following passage(s) into Chinese )
第1題
Research published in May 1993 by the Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions (DETR) showed that reducing coastal and river pollution and ensuring a reliable water supply were among the top environmental priorities for the public.
All discharges to water in the UK require the consent of the appropriate regulatory authority. In England and Wales the Environment Agency's principal method of controlling water pollution is through the regulation of all effluent discharges, including sewage, into groundwater, and inland and coastal waters. The Agency maintains public registers containing information about water quality, discharge consents,
authorizations and monitoring. Applicants for consents to discharge have the right of appeal if they are dissatisfied with the Agency's decision; most of these appeals are dealt with by the Planning Inspectorate, an executive agency of the DETR. In Scotland control is the responsibility of the Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA), and most appeals are dealt with by the Scottish Office. In Northern Ireland the Environment and Heritage Service is responsible for controlling water pollution. In 1997, there were 4,717 cases in England and Wales of discharges exceeding their consented limits, including a number of offences by water companies discharging insufficiently treated sewage. The majority of these breaches did not cause any significant environmental damage.
However, the Environment Agency did bring 65 cases to court, of which 61 were successful, resulting in fines ranging from ￡ 440 to ￡ 12,000 and one prison sentence of two months. In Scotland, there were 2,734 pollution incidents in 1997; SEPA seeks prosecution in all significant cases. In 1997 and 1998, the Government introduced statutory Environmental Quality Standards (EQSs) for 33 substances in water. The new regulations give legal force for the first time to standards for some of the most dangerous pollutants found in the aquatic environment.
In the UK, 96 percent of the population live in properties connected to a sewer, and sewage treatment works serve over 80 percent of the population. In England and Wales, the water industry is committed to an investment programme of some ￡ 11,000 million over ten years for
improvements to water quality. Progressively higher treatment standards for industrial waste effluents and new measures to combat pollution from agriculture are expected to bring further improvements in water quality. In Scotland, responsibility for the provision of all water and sewerage services lies with three Water and Sewerage Authorities, covering the north, east and west of the country.
【正確答案】：
根據(jù)英國(guó)環(huán)境、交通及區(qū)域部于1998年5月公布的研究報(bào)告，減少沿海水域與河流的污染，保證供應(yīng)安全用水，乃是廣大公眾在環(huán)保方面的當(dāng)務(wù)之急。
在英國(guó)，向水中傾倒任何東西，都需征得有關(guān)管理部門(mén)的同意。在英格蘭和威爾士，環(huán)境署控制水污染的主要方法是監(jiān)控一切流入地下水及內(nèi)陸和沿海水域的廢水，包括污水。環(huán)境署存有公開(kāi)的記錄，記載著水質(zhì)、排放許可、授權(quán)單位、監(jiān)督情況等事項(xiàng)。申請(qǐng)排放許可者如對(duì)環(huán)境署的決定不滿(mǎn)，有權(quán)上訴，大都由計(jì)劃督察團(tuán)接受處理，督察團(tuán)是部屬的一個(gè)執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)。在蘇格蘭，是由蘇格蘭環(huán)保署(SEPA) 負(fù)責(zé)監(jiān)控，上訴大都由駐蘇格蘭辦事處接受處理。在北愛(ài)爾蘭，水污染由環(huán)境與遺產(chǎn)局負(fù)責(zé)監(jiān)控。
1997年，在英格蘭和威爾士共發(fā)生4717起超過(guò)許可限度的排污事件，其中有一些是水公司的過(guò)錯(cuò)，它們排放了未經(jīng)充分處理的污水。這些違規(guī)行為絕大部分都沒(méi)有對(duì)環(huán)境造成重大危害。然而，環(huán)境署也的確將65起違規(guī)事件送上法庭，其中6l起環(huán)境署勝訴，判處的罰款自440鎊至12000鎊不等，還有一起判處敗訴方兩個(gè)月徒刑。在蘇格蘭，1997年共發(fā)生污染事件2734起;蘇格蘭環(huán)境保護(hù)署對(duì)情節(jié)嚴(yán)重者均予起訴。
1997和1998年，政府實(shí)行法定環(huán)境質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，涉及水中33種物質(zhì)。新規(guī)定使得關(guān)于在水中發(fā)現(xiàn)的幾種最危險(xiǎn)的污染物的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第一次具有法律效力。
在英國(guó)，96%人口的住宅與下水道系統(tǒng)相連，污水處理廠能為80%以上的人口服務(wù)。在英格蘭和威爾士，水工業(yè)承諾在十年間將投資約110億英鎊，以改善水質(zhì)。逐步提高工業(yè)廢水處理標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，采取新措施以治理農(nóng)業(yè)造成的污染，預(yù)計(jì)將會(huì)進(jìn)一步提高水質(zhì)。在蘇格蘭，三個(gè)給水排污管理局負(fù)責(zé)給水和排污的事宜，分管全國(guó)的北部、東部和西部地區(qū)。
[采分點(diǎn)解析]
1.reliable water supply保證供應(yīng)安全用水。
[分析] 基本素質(zhì)采分點(diǎn)。
reliable adj. 可靠的，可信賴(lài)的，water supply n. 給水，自來(lái)水，供水系統(tǒng)。可信賴(lài)的供水系統(tǒng)。根據(jù)前文提到的ensuring(保證)，所以后面翻譯成“保證供水安全”比較符合漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)方式。
2.top environmental priorities for the public廣大公眾在環(huán)保方面的當(dāng)務(wù)之急。
[分析] 用詞選詞采分點(diǎn)。
top priority指“應(yīng)予最優(yōu)先考慮的事”，在這里翻譯成“當(dāng)務(wù)之急”更好。
3.In England and Wales the Environment Agency's principal method of controlling water pollution is through the regulation of all effluent discharges, including sewage, into groundwater, and inland and coastal waters.在英格蘭和威爾士，環(huán)境署控制水污染的主要方法是監(jiān)控一切流入地下水及內(nèi)陸和沿海水域的廢水，包括污水。
[分析] 理解結(jié)構(gòu)采分點(diǎn)。
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